Cognitive interviewing Flashcards
What is reinstating the content?
Encouraging interviewers to recall how they felt, weather smalls → puts the person back in time of the incident and improve memory accuracy
Examples of Research to support reinstating the content?
Geiselman et al 1985 - 51 ppts viewed a film of a violent crime and were later interviewed by a policeman either with a standard interview, interview or a cognitive interview. → Found that the number of average recalled facts for the cognitive interview (41.2) was higher than for the standard interview (29.4)
What does it mean by reporting everything?
- Encouraging them to report every detail, no matter how small it is
Examples of research to support reporting everything?
Bartlett suggests that people can often leave out information when recalling information → this is likely when information does not fit a person’s schemas - the cognitive framework helps understand the world around us
What is reversing the order?
Recalling events in reverse order → makes it harder fir the witness to reconstruct a story that makes sense, and improve eye witness accuracy
Examples of research to support ‘reversing the order’ ?
Fisher et al 1989 - encourage detectives to use cognitive interviews and compared this to interviews. They found the detectives gained 47% more useful information from the witness to real crimes compared to when they had been using standard interview techniques
What does it mean by changing perspective?
- Trying to adopt the viewpoint of different witness → reducing the influence of schemas.
Examples of research to support changing the perspective?
Geiselman and Fisher found that if CI is used after a long time after the crime has taken place then it could limit the usefulness and accuracy of recall.
