Cognitive interview Flashcards
ads of cognitive interview
- most info recalled
- quantity + quality
disads of cognitive interview
- more incorrect info
- time consuming
- misleading
most info recalled - ads of cognitive interview
- Geiselman showed parts a video of a simulated crime + tested recall using:
- cognitive interview
- standard interview
- hypnosis
= found that the cognitive interview led to the most info being recalled by the eyewitnesses
quality + quantity - ads of cognitive interview
- Fisher trained real Miamai police officers in Miami to use the enhanced cognitive interview when interviewing eyewitnesses
- found on average 46% increase in amount of info witnesses gave
- 90% of the info was verified accurate
more incorrect info - disads of cognitive interview
- psych found that witnesses recalled more incorrect info when interviewed with cognitive interview compared to standard technique
- maybe cus moe detailed recall increases the chance of making a mistake
time consuming - disads of cognitive interview
the cognitive interview is time consuming to implement
= police officers often don’t have the time, training + resources to use it
misleading - disads of cognitive interview
a psych reported that polices officers believed that:
- Recall from a changed perspective (3rd stage)
= misleads witness into speculating about the event they witnessed rather than reporting what they saw objectively
= so police were reluctant to use it
additional guidelines
- use open-ended questions
- avoid distractions
- encourage the witness to relax + speak slowly
cognitive interview
Fisher studied real police interviews (standard interview technique)
= found questions were brief, direct, closed
= witnesses were often interrupted + no expansion on answers
- Geiselman developed the cognitive interview to improve accurate recall of info from eye witnesses
4 stages of cognitive interview
- context reinstatement
- report everything
- recall from changed perspective
- recall in reverse order
1st stage
- context reinstatement
- witness tries to mentally recreate the situation
- describing details of environment, weather, their emotional state + feelings at the time
= act as context-dependent retrieval cues to improve recall
2nd stage
- report everything
- interviewer encourages witness to recall all details about the event
- even if details seem unimportant
= these can highlight details which have been overlooked + trigger other memories
3rd stage
- recall from changed perspective
- witness tries to mentally recreate the situation from different view points
= promotes a more holistic view of the event
= enhance recall
= decrease the influence of schemas
4th stage
- recall in reverse order
- witness is asked to recall the scene in a different chronological order e.g. from end to beginning
= verify the accuracy of the witness’ account
= reduce the influence of schemas on recall
