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child development > cognitive development and play > Flashcards

cognitive development and play Flashcards

1
Q

what are schemes

A

mental structures for knowing and categorising actions and experiences

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2
Q

schemes organisation

A

forming schemes

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3
Q

schemes adaption

A

evolving schemes

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4
Q

assimilation

A

new info incorporated into old scheme

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5
Q

accommodation

A

modification of old scheme to form new ones

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6
Q

infancy scheme

A

reflexive motor

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7
Q

mental scheme

A

organising

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8
Q

complex mental scheme

A

reasoning

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9
Q

Piagets stages of development

A

sensorimotor, pre-operational, concrete operational, formal operational

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10
Q

age of sensorimotor stage

A

0-24 months

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11
Q

behaviours at sensorimotor stage

A

object permanence, repetition of chance behaviours, mental representation

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12
Q

examples of advanced mental representation during sensorimotor stage

A

deferred imitation, problem-solving, symbolic understanding

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13
Q

age of per operational stage

A

2-6 years

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14
Q

behaviours of per operational stage

A

dramatic play, egocentrism

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15
Q

things kids can’t do at the per operational stage

A

conservation [understanding volume remains if the shape changes], decentralisation [take multiple pieces of info into account]

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16
Q

age of concrete operational stage

A

7-11 years

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17
Q

behaviour in concrete operational stage

A

inductive logic, abstract schemes, class grouping, reversibility

18
Q

what can kids not do concrete operational stage

A

deductive reasoning, cannot make mental reps of things they have not experienced

19
Q

age of formal operational stage

A

11+ years

20
Q

behaviour in formal operation stage

A

systematic problem solving, naïve idealism, hypothetico-deductive reasoning

21
Q

criticism of Piaget

A

stages are too strictly bound by age, overlook the social nature of development, underestimate the cognitive capacity of infants

22
Q

who developed the sociocultural theory

A

Vygotsky

23
Q

sociocultural theory

A

emphasises the role of culture in cognitive development

24
Q

scaffolding

A

child is guided by adults and older children

25
Q

zone of proximal development

A

convo questions and play just above the childs ability

26
Q

criticism of vygotsky

A

vague in explanation of change

27
Q

two main areas of play research

A

content and motive

28
Q

play in infancy [0-4 months]

A

primary and secondary circular reactions [piaget]

29
Q

tertiary circular reactions

A

2-3 years, experimentation often still object focused

30
Q

manipulation

A

paint, puzzles, blocks age 3-4 years

31
Q

motor play

A

1 yo begin to leave a mark, scribble, clay etc at age 3 fine motor skills develop and they being to colour

32
Q

social play with adults

A

zone of proximal development scaffolding

33
Q

social play with children

A

reciprocal social interactions, chasing, give and take

34
Q

pretend play

A

1 yo starts, individual, brush teeth be on the phone, age 3-4 pretend with dolls

35
Q

what is pretend play development closely linked with

A

language development and executive function

36
Q

what skill is construction play linked with

A

logico-mathematical skills,

37
Q

circular reactions

A

repetation on action

38
Q

primary circular reaction

A

ineffective repetitive behaviors

39
Q

secondary circular reactions

A

repetition of actions that are followed by reinforcement, typically without understanding causation

40
Q

tertiary circular reaction

A

repetitive object manipulation, typically with slight variations among subsequent behaviors

child development (7 decks)

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