Cognitive development Flashcards
What is cognition?
Higher order mental processes used for understanding and adapting to our environment
What are the two classical theories of cognitive development?
Piaget´s theory of cognitive development and Vygotsky´s sociocultural theory
What are the two key principles of Piaget´s view on cognition
Principle of organization:
organize thoughts and behaviors into groups to enable increased understanding and efficiency in thinking
Principle of adaptation:
We have a need to understand the world to survive in it
What is a Schema?
Organized structure of knowledge or abilities that change with age and experience
What is adaptation?
The creation of Schemata’s through interaction
What is assimilation?
Integrating new information into existing schemas or using existing schemas to interpret the world.
(Cognitive equilibrium)
What is Accommodation?
Creation or adjustments of existing schemata to better fit the environment
(cognitive disequilibrium)
What is Organization?
Mental process where new schemas are connected to old ones creating an interconnected cognitive system
What are the stages of development in Piaget´s theory of cognitive development?
- Sensorimotor (first two years)
Contains sensory and motor experience and object permanence - Preoperational (2-7 years)
Symbolic thought - Concrete operational (7-11 years)
Logical thoughts about concrete information - Formal operational (11 years and onward)
Hypothetic, logic, fully abstract systematic reasoning
What defines the sensorimotor stage is Piaget’s theory of cognitive development?
What defines the Preoperational stage is Piaget’s theory of cognitive development?
What defines the concrete operational stage is Piaget’s theory of cognitive development?
What defines the formal operational stage is Piaget’s theory of cognitive development?
