Cognitive-Behavioral Therapies Flashcards
Which of the following is not one of the six processes addressed by acceptance and commitment therapy?
A. cognitive defusion
B. corrective detachment
C. experiential acceptance
D. committed action
Answer B is correct. ACT addresses six processes to increase a person’s psychological flexibility: experiential acceptance, cognitive defusion, being present, awareness of self-as-context, values-based action, and committed action.
According to Beck, negative beliefs about oneself, the world, and the future are characteristic of:
A. depression.
B. psychosis.
C. hypochondriasis.
D. paranoia.
Answer A is correct. Beck proposed that different disorders are associated with different cognitive profiles. For example, Beck’s cognitive profile for depression consists of negative beliefs about oneself, the world, and the future.
As described in Ellis’s A-B-C-D-E model, B represents:
A. behavioral and emotional reactions to an activating event.
B. barriers to rational thought.
C. belief perseverance.
D. beliefs about an activating event.
Answer D is correct. In Ellis’s A-B-C-D-E model, A is an activating event, B is the person’s irrational belief about that event, C is the emotional or behavioral consequence of that belief, D is the therapist’s use of techniques that dispute the client’s irrational belief, and E is the effect of these techniques, which is the replacement of the irrational belief with a more rational one.
Meichenbaum’s stress inoculation training consists of three phases, the first of which is:
A. commitment.
B. preparation.
C. conceptualization.
D. cognitive modeling.
Answer C is correct. The three stages of Meichenbaum’s stress inoculation training are conceptualization/education, skills acquisition and consolidation, and application and follow-through.
Stanley and Brown’s (2012) safety planning intervention (SPI) includes all of the following except:
A. recognizing warning signs.
B. using internal coping strategies.
C. signing a no-harm contract.
D. using social contacts for distraction or support.
Answer C is correct. The SIP consists of six steps: (1) recognizing the warning signs of an imminent suicidal crisis, (2) using internal coping strategies, (3) utilizing social contacts as a means of distraction or support, (4) contacting family or friends who may help resolve the crisis, (5) contacting mental health professionals or agencies, and (6) reducing access to lethal means.
The primary goal of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) is best described as:
A. replacing the “being mode” with the “doing mode.”
B. strengthening the link between thoughts and emotions.
C. accepting and separating from distressful thoughts.
D. replacing maladaptive thoughts with more adaptive ones.
Answer C is correct. Replacing maladaptive thoughts with more adaptive ones (answer D) best describes CBT, while accepting and separating from distressful thoughts describes MBCT. As noted by Scott and Adam, the primary goal of MBCT is to “enable clients to become self-aware, so they can learn to de-centre from distressing thoughts, feelings, bodily sensations and behaviours” (2017, p. 246). In addition, MBCT emphasizes achieving balance between the “being mode” and “doing mode” rather than relying primarily on the “doing mode” (Answer A): The “being mode” refers to noticing and accepting one’s experiences in the present, while the “doing mode” refers to acting to change things in order to reduce the discrepancy between how things are and how one wants them to be.
A 21-year-old therapy client says, “no matter what I do, I feel like I’m still unattractive, so I must be unattractive.” Her cognitive behavior therapist will most likely view the client’s statement as a manifestation of:
A. emotional reasoning.
B. arbitrary inference.
C. personalization.
D. overgeneralization.
Answer A is correct. Emotional reasoning occurs when a person believes that his/her emotions reflect reality – i.e., that something must be true because the person feels that it’s true.
Dawn tends to jump to the conclusion that people she meets don’t like her even when there’s no evidence to support that conclusion. This is an example of which of the following cognitive distortions?
A. personalization
B. emotional reasoning
C. arbitrary inference
D. selective abstraction
Answer C is correct. Arbitrary inference involves drawing negative conclusions without any supporting evidence or in the presence of contradictory evidence.
