cognitive

Question 1

Assumptions

Answer 1

└approach focused on mental processes
└studies internal mental processes
└memory, perception, thinking (private processes)
└can’t be observed- study them indirectly by making inferences

Question 2

Theoretical and computer models

Answer 2

└theoretical models
└e.g. information processing approach
└e.g. multi store model
└input →storage →retrieval

Question 3

Computer models

Answer 3

└mind compared to computer- computer analogy 
  └CPU= brain
  └coding= making info usable 
  └stores= hold info 
└useful for artificial intelligence

Question 4

Role of schema

Answer 4

└schema= mental framework of beliefs and expectations that influence cognitive processing- developed by experience
└(an idea that)helps you respond appropriately
└can also distort interpretations

Question 5

Emergence of cognitive neuroscience

Answer 5

└the scientific study of biological structures that underpin cognitive processes
└Paul Broca (1860)
└damaged frontal lobe- impair speech
└brain imaging techniques
└fMRI, PET
└neurological bases of mental processes
└long term memory- episodic, semantic
└located opposite sides of pre frontal cortex
└mental disorders
└parahippocampal gyrus- OCD
└brain fingerprinting
└eyewitness brain patterns- lying?

Question 6

Strengths

Answer 6

Scientific and objective methods
└lab experiments= reliable objective data
└cognitive neuroscience= biology + psychology
└=established scientific basis

Real life application
└wide range of practical and theoretical contexts
└artificial intelligence- robots
└revolutionise future living

Question 7

Limitations

Answer 7

Machine reductionism
└computer analogy e.g. ignores emotion and motivation- how it affects ability to process information

Application to everyday life
└can only infer mental processes from observed behaviour
└too abstract and theoretical
└experimental studies of mental processes often use artificial stimuli- e.g. memory tests of words
└not represent everyday memory
└=lack external validity

Question 8

points

Answer 8

Theoretical and computer models
Computer models
Role of schema
Emergence of cognitive neuroscience