approaches points Flashcards
1
Q
behaviourist
A
-way of explaining behaviour in terms of learning and what is observable
-Classical conditioning
-Operant conditioning
strengths
–Scientific credibility
–Real life application
limitations
–Ethical issues- animals
–Environmental determinism
2
Q
Social learning theory
A
way of explaining behaviour that includes both direct and indirect reinforcement- learning theory+ cognitive factors Vicarious reinforcement Meditational processes Bobo doll study Imitation Identification Modelling Strengths -Explains cultural differences in behaviour Limitations -Underestimates biological factors -Over reliance on lab studies
3
Q
Cognitive approach
A
└approach focused on mental processes Theoretical and computer models Computer models Role of schema Emergence of cognitive neuroscience Strengths -Scientific and objective methods -Real life application Limitations -Machine reductionism -Application to everyday life
4
Q
Biological approach
A
└approach emphasising importance of physical processes in the body- e.g. genetic inheritance, neural function Genetic basis of behaviour Evolution and behaviour genotype phenotyope Strengths -Scientific methods -real life aplication Limitations -Determinist view
5
Q
Psychodynamic approach
A
└an approach where different dynamics (mainly unconscious) operate the mind and direct human behaviour and experience └Sigmund Freud Role of the unconscious Structure of personality -Id Ego Superego Psychosexual stages -Oral -Anal -Phallic -Latency -Genital Defence mechanisms -Repression -Denial -Displacement Strengths -Practical application -Explanatory power Limitations -Case study method
6
Q
Humanistic approach
A
└approach emphasising importance of subjective experience and each persons capability for self-determination Self-actualisation -Maslows Hierarchy of needs Self, congruence, conditions of worth -client centred therapy Strengths -Positive approach -Not reductionist Limitations -Limited application
