Cognition and Perception definitions

Question 1

the method used by the CNS to process information (understanding, awareness, judgement, decision making)

Answer 1

Cognition

Question 2

the integration of sensory impressions into information that is psychologically meaningful. The ability to select those stimuli that require attention and action, integration of those stimuli with each other and prior information, and finally to interpret the information

Answer 2

Perception

Question 3

executive functions include capacity to plan, manipulate information, initiate and terminate activities, recognize errors, problem solve, and think abstractly

Answer 3

higher-order cognition/metacognitive functions

Question 4

double vision (2 of the entire environment horizontally, vertically, or diagonally)

Answer 4

diplopia

Question 5

visual field deficit (most common visual deficit post CVA)

Answer 5

homonymous hemianopia

Question 6

tunnel vision

Answer 6

bitemporal hemianopia

Question 7

visual and mental image of one’s body that includes feelings about one’s body, especially in relation to health and disease

Answer 7

body image

Question 8

postural model of the body, including the relationship of body parts to each other and the relationship of the body to the environment

Answer 8

body scheme

Question 9

integration of tactile, proprioceptive, and interoceptive sensations, in addition to the individual;s subjective feelings about the body

Answer 9

body awareness

Question 10

the inability to register and integrate stimuli and perceptions from one side of the body and the environment. Common in R CVA

Answer 10

unilateral neglect

Question 11

severe condition including denial and lack of awareness of the presence or severity of one’s paralysis. Lack of awareness, o denial, of a paretic extremity as belonging to the person, or lack of insight concerning, or denial of paralysis

Answer 11

anosognosia

Question 12

referred to as autopagnosia or body agnosia. patients with this deficit may display difficulty following instructions that require distinguishing body parts and may be unable to imitate movements of the therapist. lack of proprioception may underlie or compound this disorder

Answer 12

somatoagnosia

Question 13

inability to identify the right and left sides of one’s own body or of that of the examiner. This includes the inability to execute movements in reponse to verbal commands that include the terms Right and Left

Answer 13

right-left discrimination

Question 14

inability to visually distinguish a figure from the background in which it is embedded. interferes with patient’s ability to locate objects

Answer 14

figure-ground discrimination

Question 15

inability to perceive or attend to subtle differences in form and shape

Answer 15

form discrimination

Question 16

inability to perceive the relationship of one object in space to another object, or to oneself

Answer 16

spatial relations

Question 17

inaccurate judgement of direction, distance, and depth. may be associated with spatial disorientation

Answer 17

depth and distance perception

Question 18

distorted perception of what is vertical. may be something like a 30 degree tilt of the environment

Answer 18

vertical disorientation

Question 19

inability to process sensory stimuli

Answer 19

agnosias

Question 20

most common agnosia. inability to recognize familiar objects despite normal function of the eyes and optic tracts

Answer 20

visual agnosia

Question 21

inability to recognize nonspeech sounds or to discriminate between them (rarely occurs in absence of other communication disorders)

Answer 21

auditory agnosia

Question 22

inability to recognize forms by handling the, although tactile, proprioceptive, and thermal sensation may be intact

Answer 22

tactile agnosia/ astereognosis

Question 23

an impairment of voluntary skilled learned movement characterized by an inability to perform purposeful movements, which cannot be accounted for by inadequate strength, loss of coordination, impaired sensation, attention difficulties, abnormal tone, movement disorders, intellectual deterioration, poor comprehension, or uncooperativeness

Answer 23

apraxia