Cognition and Perception definitions Flashcards
the method used by the CNS to process information (understanding, awareness, judgement, decision making)
Cognition
the integration of sensory impressions into information that is psychologically meaningful. The ability to select those stimuli that require attention and action, integration of those stimuli with each other and prior information, and finally to interpret the information
Perception
executive functions include capacity to plan, manipulate information, initiate and terminate activities, recognize errors, problem solve, and think abstractly
higher-order cognition/metacognitive functions
double vision (2 of the entire environment horizontally, vertically, or diagonally)
diplopia
visual field deficit (most common visual deficit post CVA)
homonymous hemianopia
tunnel vision
bitemporal hemianopia
visual and mental image of one’s body that includes feelings about one’s body, especially in relation to health and disease
body image
postural model of the body, including the relationship of body parts to each other and the relationship of the body to the environment
body scheme
integration of tactile, proprioceptive, and interoceptive sensations, in addition to the individual;s subjective feelings about the body
body awareness
the inability to register and integrate stimuli and perceptions from one side of the body and the environment. Common in R CVA
unilateral neglect
severe condition including denial and lack of awareness of the presence or severity of one’s paralysis. Lack of awareness, o denial, of a paretic extremity as belonging to the person, or lack of insight concerning, or denial of paralysis
anosognosia
referred to as autopagnosia or body agnosia. patients with this deficit may display difficulty following instructions that require distinguishing body parts and may be unable to imitate movements of the therapist. lack of proprioception may underlie or compound this disorder
somatoagnosia
inability to identify the right and left sides of one’s own body or of that of the examiner. This includes the inability to execute movements in reponse to verbal commands that include the terms Right and Left
right-left discrimination
inability to visually distinguish a figure from the background in which it is embedded. interferes with patient’s ability to locate objects
figure-ground discrimination
inability to perceive or attend to subtle differences in form and shape
form discrimination
inability to perceive the relationship of one object in space to another object, or to oneself
spatial relations
inaccurate judgement of direction, distance, and depth. may be associated with spatial disorientation
depth and distance perception
distorted perception of what is vertical. may be something like a 30 degree tilt of the environment
vertical disorientation
inability to process sensory stimuli
agnosias
most common agnosia. inability to recognize familiar objects despite normal function of the eyes and optic tracts
visual agnosia
inability to recognize nonspeech sounds or to discriminate between them (rarely occurs in absence of other communication disorders)
auditory agnosia
inability to recognize forms by handling the, although tactile, proprioceptive, and thermal sensation may be intact
tactile agnosia/ astereognosis
an impairment of voluntary skilled learned movement characterized by an inability to perform purposeful movements, which cannot be accounted for by inadequate strength, loss of coordination, impaired sensation, attention difficulties, abnormal tone, movement disorders, intellectual deterioration, poor comprehension, or uncooperativeness
apraxia
