Coding definitions Flashcards
What is an antecedent?
The first part of a statement
What is a consequent?
The conclusion of a statement
What does WYSIWYG mean?
What you see is what you get
What is User Experience or UX?
UX is the job of making a website more user friendly and making sure the visitor has a good experience. UX can affect SEO.
What is UI?
UI stands for user interface and goes alongside UX and involves the interactivity of a user with a website.
What is an Alt tag?
An alt tag is the alternative text on an image that can help someone to understand what it is if they are unable to see it. Alt tags affect SEO.
What is a JPEG?
A high resolution image with more than 256 colours
What is a gif?
A gif has less than 256 colours and is used for transparent backgrounds
What is .WAV?
Is a high quality audio file used on Windows
What is MP3?
PEG (Moving Pictures Experts Group) Layer 3
It is a compatible audio file but is lower quality, compressed and requires a licence.
What is .MOV?
Apple QuickTime Movie
It is a video file for apple only and it is high quality large file,
What is MP4?
Moving Pictures Expert Group 4
MP4 is a video file that is cross platform
What is DNS?
It stands for Domain Name Signal and it changes the domain name into an IP address.
What is a Browser?
A platform to use to access the internet
What is HTML?
The code used to create the building blocks for a website
What is a server?
A serve receives a request from a browser and serves the correct information to it to show to the user.
What is an application server?
An application server handles the more complicated tasks such as pulling information from databases.
What is hosting?
renting space form the internet
What is a client?
An end piece of equipment like a phone
What is an application?
A piece of software on a client that performs a specific task.
What is a web server?
is computer software and underlying hardware that accepts HTTP and HTTP requests
What is a rendering engine?
It takes HTML and converts it into what you can see
What is a search engine crawler?
search engine crawlers - they crawl the internet, read pages one by one and look at the data and uses an algorithm to show relevant websites to the user,
What is HTTP?
A site where the content isn’t encrypted
What is HTTPS?
A website where the content is encrypted
What is an SSL certificate?
Secure Sockets Layer and it is the s in HTTPS - a cryptographic protocol that provides secure communication over a computer network. It works by encrypting data transmitted between a client and a server.
What is TLS?
Transport Layer Security - a cryptographic protocol that ensures privacy and data integrity between two communicating applications and it is the successor of SSL
What is IETF?
Internet Engineering Task Force a large international community of designers, operators, vendors and researchers concerned with evolution and smooth operation of the internet
What are cookies?
A piece of code that identifies as user and tracks their behaviour to use for marketing purposes.
What is a flat file database?
A database where all the information is in one place and sometimes repeated.
What is a relational database?
Where information is separated into different tables and these tables pull information for each other.
What is the NOT logic gate?
an inverter. Whatever goes in will come out as the opposite.
What is the AND logic gate?
both of the inputs need to be positive for the output to be positive.
What is the OR logic gate?
only one input has to be positive for the output to be positive.
What is the XOR logic gate?
if both the inputs are positive then the outcome is negative, otherwise it is the same as OR.
What is a server stack?
Enables a computer to function and is made up of an operating system, web server software, database management and a scripting language.
What is the LAMP server stack?
L – Linux OS
A – Apache – Web server
M – MySQL – database
P – PHP – programming language
What is the XAMPP server stack?
X – Cross platform (OS)
A – Apache – Web server
M – MySQL – database
P – PHP – programming language
P – Perl - programming language.
This stack is simple and opensource and allow people to test website locally.
What is the WAMP server stack?
W – Windows (OS)
A – Apache – Web server
M – MySQL – Database
P – PHP – programming language
What is the MAMP Server stack?
M – Mac (OS)
A – Apache – Web server
M- MySQL – database
P – PHP – programming language.
On WAMP and MAMP web developers can test the pages without publishing them live.
What is HTML, CSS and JavaScript in relation to each other?
HTML – The builder
CSS – The stylist
JavaScript – The Wizard.
What is JavaScript vs Java?
JavaScript vs Java – Java is for applications and JavaScript is for website functionality and needs HTML and CSS to function.
What does the terms static and dynamic mean?
Static sites use HTML CSS and JS. Dynamic sites use HTML, CSS and a dynamic programming language such as PHP and a database such a MySQL.
What are the disadvantages of a dynamic site?
More complicated, can take longer to load and more can go wrong with the site.
What is w3c?
The World Wide Web Consortium is an international community where member organisations, a full-time staff and the public work together to develop web standards.
What is a raster image
In a nutshell, a raster image is a photograph. Any photo in print or on the internet is a raster image and is
constructed using pixels, which are tiny blocks of colour. e.g. JPEG PNG AND GIF
What is a vector image
Vector images are a lot more flexible and are always images that have been created using the software. Vectors can be resized as large as needed, and the quality will be exactly the same E.G. PDF AI
What are videos made up of?
1) The container (this is how the file is contained, such as MOV or MP4) 2) The signal (this is the video and audio data that makes up the file 3) The codec (this is software that encodes and decodes the signal to allow filming and
playback)
What is a WMV?
- Windows Media Video
- Very common with Microsoft users
- WMV files are the smallest video files online
- Quality is significantly reduced when compressed
- Mainly played through Windows Media Player
What is an AAC?
- Advanced Audio Coding
- Well known with Apple iTunes
- It is a compressed and lossy audio format (the more compressed it becomes the lower the quality)
- Gives the same audio quality as MP3 but uses less space
- Widely used with mobile devices
What is a WMA?
- Windows Media Audio
- Made by Microsoft to compete with MP3
- It is a compressed and lossy audio format (the more compressed it becomes the lower the quality)
- Most PCs, laptops, in-car stereos and home entertainment centres support WMA * Few mobile devices support it
What is ALAC?
- Apple Lossless Audio Codec
- Compressed and lossless audio format (one of the few compressed and lossless file types)
Supported by iOS and iTunes - Primarily used by Apple users
What is AIFF?
AIFF
* Audio Interchange File Format
* Developed by Apple
* Files are uncompressed and lossless
* Ideal for audio editing on Apple devices
What is a DOC/DOCX
- One of the most popular text document file types that exist
- Designed by Microsoft and is the default file format with Microsoft Word. * Contains
both text and rich formatting (which allows images, tables, graphs, headers) * Most
programs can open .doc files but formatting may display differently
What is an ODT?
- OpenDocument Text
- Many ‘open source’ word processors save files as ODT, along with other file formats. *
Contains both text and rich formatting. - Can open in Microsoft Word but formatting may not look like the original formatting
What is an RTF?
- Rich Text Format
- Designed by Microsoft
- Can be used in most free word processing programs, such as Microsoft WordPad *
Will open in Microsoft Word - Contains text but no rich formatting (no images, tables etc)
What is a PDF?
- Portable Document Format * Developed by Adobe
- Contain text and rich formatting * PDFs always look the same, no matter what program they are opened in * Can be viewed for free
in Adobe Reader - Can only be edited in certain programs, such as Adobe Acrobat Pro.
- Perfect for sharing documents with anyone
What is a TXT?
- Plain text
- Contains the bare basic text, with no rich formatting at all * Can be created and viewed in all word
processing programs - Tiny files mean they are very good for storing data.
What is a ZIP?
- The most commonly used archive format (even when not ‘zipping’ the process is referred to as this)
- Multiple files can be compressed at once
- Used with most operating systems
- Has the highest compression speed but a very slow compression rate (folders may still be quite big)
- Built into Window
What is a 7Z?
- Very versatile – can split already archived folders into even smaller pieces *
Multiple files can be compressed at once - Has the highest compression rate but the slowest compression speed
- Used with most operating systems
- Not built into any operating system – need to download a third-party program
What is a RAR?
- Built as a competitor to 7Z
- Medium compression rate (better than ZIP) but a faster compression speed than 7Z * Used with most operating systems
Not built into any operating system – need to download a third-party program
