Coding Capacity Duration

Question 1

AO1 capacity of STM
Jacobs

Answer 1

Jacobs serial digit test
-participants are read a sequence of numbers/letters and asked to read the sequence back in the correct order
-an additional number / letter was added everytime
-average no = 9.3
-average letters = 7.3
-capacity = 5-9 items

Question 2

How do you increase the capacity of the STM

Answer 2

Chunking (Miller) where similarities and patterns between information was easier to recall when chunked together

Question 3

AO1 duration of STM
Peterson and Peterson

Answer 3

Peterson and Peterson
-Lab experiment
-24 students
-participants were asked to remember a trigram and then were asked to count down from a 3 digit number to prevent rehearsal of the information
-After 3,6,9,12,15 and 18 seconds the participants were asked to recall the trigram
-STM lasts 18-30 secs

Question 4

AO1 duration of LTM
Bahrick

Answer 4

Bahrick et al
-392 participants from US universities aged 17-78
-Using participants high school year books recall was tested via
-photo recognition and
-free recall (off the top of their heads)

-The duration of the LTM is unlimited

Question 5

AO1 coding of the STM and LTM
Baddeley

Answer 5

Baddeley
-Participants were given 4 groups to remember
-acoustically similar
-acoustically dissimilar
-semantically similar
-semantically dissimilar
-when testing for STM the participants struggled w acoustically similar words the most meaning that the STM is coded acoustically as it disrupts the code
-when testing for LTM the participants struggled most w semantically similar words meaning the LTM is coded semantically as it disrupts the code

Question 6

What is the capacity of the STM

Answer 6

5-9 items

Question 7

what is the coding of the STM

Answer 7

accoustic

Question 8

Bahricks results

Answer 8

-participants who left sch 15 years ago
-photos-90%
-free recall-60%
-participants who left 48 years ago
-photo-70%
-free recall-30%
-The duration of the LTM is unlimited

Question 9

Peterson and Petersons findings

Answer 9

3 sec = 80% recall
-18 sec = 3% recall
-duration of STM without rehearsal is 18 sec
-with rehearsal is 18-30sec
-STM lasts 18-30 secs

Question 10

What is he capacity of LTM

Answer 10

infinite

Question 11

What is the coding for LTM

Answer 11

semmantic

Question 12

whats the duration of LTM

Answer 12

infinite

Question 13

Whats the duration of STM

Answer 13

18-30 secs