Coccidia Flashcards
what lifecycle does eimeria sp have
direct
how is eimeria sp spread
ingestion of sporulated oocysts
how many sporocysts and sporozoites does eimeria sp have
4 sporocysts w 2 sporozites
where does asexual replication occur eimeria sp
small intestine of DH
2-3 asexual cycles!
where does sexual replication occur eimeria sp
large intestine of DH
what happens when sexual replication occurs in large intestine eimeria sp
destruction of enterocytes by developing oocysts
diarrhea associated with
what is coccidiosis disease associated with
onset of sexual replication in host tissues! Mechanical disruption of mucosal cells by gametes
t/f oocysts of coccidia are common in fecal samples of healthy animals
true
is there hose immunity with age and exposure?
yes!
generally species specific
most self limiting
Coccidiosis in cattle
2 asexual cycles
severe tissue damage to crypts of large intestine
hemorrhagic diarrhea
coccidiosis in sheep/goats
clinical signs follow weaning 2-3 weeks
mortality/morbidity/ lost growth for age
what is the risk of disease for coccidiosis
environmental contamination
moderate levels of infection
stress in host population
**treatment needs to be based on this!
environmental hygiene factors to reduce coccidiosis risk
remove manure, keep surfaces dry and clean
no practical form of disinfection bc oocysts hardy and resistant
dehydration and direct sunlight
what stage does chemoprophylaxis target
asexual stage
coccidostatic drugs
arrest development at specific stages of lifecycle
parasites remain alive in tissues!!
withdraw of drug allows parasite to resume development and complete lifecycle
coccidiocidal drugs
kill or damage parasite irreversibly
no disease relapse following withdraw
differential diagnosis
watery diarrhea in single young animal with emaciation= cryptosporidiosis
colibacilliosis w acute and lethal hemorrhagic diarrhea
multiple cases viral diarrhea
21 days and older coccidia
ostertagia <2 years, chronic diarrhea
what lifecycle does cystiospora have
facultative direct/indirect
how is cystiospora spread to DH
ingestion of sporulated oocysts
how many sporocysts and sporozoites does cystiospora have
2 sporocysts w 4 sporozoites
are there paretenic hosts for cystiospora
YES
mice, birds, rodents
where does replication occur? is it sexual or asexual?
small intestine
both
what is diarrhea associated with in cystiospora
destruction of enterocytes (3 asexual cycles)
are eggs between dogs and cats morphologically indistinguishable for cystiospora?
YES!
would have to know species to differentiate
can have teardrop and round shaped eggs
how is intestinal coccidia diagnosed in companion animals?
centrifugal ZnSO4 or sucrose floatation
fecal sample on 3 consecutive days
how to manage intestinal coccidia in companion animals
supportive care, restore electrolyte balances and good plane of nutrition
bate pet at beginning of treatment to remove immediately infective cysts
remove feces daily
