Coasts

Question 1

Holderness coast (erosion and factors affecting erosion)

Answer 1

Europe’s fastest eroding coastline 1m a year
Annual rate of erosion 2m a year
Bedrock made of unconsolidated boulder clay
Long wave fetch from North Sea
Destructive waves

Question 2

Management in Holderness coast Mappleton

Answer 2

2 rock groynes and rip rap
Blocks of granite from Norway
Cliff has been stabilized through vegetation beach has been retained

There has been more erosion along the coast, at Great Cowden

Question 3

Guinea coastal flooding

Answer 3

Rapid rates of erosion
Loss of trees and infrastructure
Caused by rising sea levels, loss of mangrove forests in Kabrousse, less defence
Biodiversity is at risk, marine turtles and manatees
Tourism is at risk

Question 4

Netherlands deltawerks

Answer 4

13 dams
Flooding farmlands
Polders and dykes
Provides flood protection, drinking water and irrigation

Question 5

Jurassic coast

Answer 5

Seaward dip (Portland limestone)
Easier to erode Walden sediment
Steeply dipping chalk forms back

Sea eroded through limestone forming a cave