coastal management Flashcards
offshore break HE
rock barrier which forces waves to break before reaching the shore
P- effect at reducing wave energy
N-visually unappealing and can interfere with LSD
groynes HE
wooden or rock built at a right angle to the sea. built to control LSD to create higher beaches. they also help break up waves
P- builds up beach and cost effective
N- deprives beaches downwind
sea wall HE
aims to dissipate wave energy. the recurved structure throws waves back out to sea also help stop flooding
P-effective erosion prevention
N-expensive to construct, wave energy reflects elsewhere
rip rap (rock armour) HE
large boulders near cliffs or sea walls to take force of the waves.
P-cost effecting
N- rocks usually sourced from elsewhere so doesnt fit in with geology
revetments HE
concrete or wooden structures placed across a beach to take the full force of the wave energy
P- cost effective
N-visually unappealing, can need constant maintenance
offshore reefs HE
forces waves to break offshore which reduces their impact in the base of the cliffs
beach nourishment SE
replacing material that has been lost through longshore drift. usually its sediment taken from offshore
P- builds up beach and increases tourism, its natural
N-needs constant maintenance
cliff regrading and drainage SE
reduces the angle of the cliff to help stabilise it
P-cost effective
N- cliff may collapse due to it being drier
dune regeneration SE
replanting plants to stabilise the surface, selective grazing, wallboards allow tourists to walk on them
P-cost effective
N-it takes a long time
