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EDAIC Online course (BCSAC 2021) > Coagulation and tests > Flashcards

Coagulation and tests Flashcards

1
Q

Components of the coagulation pathways ?

A
  1. Extrinsic
  2. Intrinsic
  3. Common
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2
Q

Intrinsic coagulation pathway?

A

See pictures and continue to practice

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3
Q

Coagulation?

A
  1. Vasospasm
  2. Platelet plug (Activation, stabilisation & inhibition)
  3. Coagulation (Initiation, fortification & inhibition)
  4. Fibrinolysis (Activation & inhibition)
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4
Q

Primary haemostasis ?

A
  1. Vasospasm

2. Platelet plug (Activation, stabilisation & inhibition)

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5
Q

Secondary haemostasis?

A
  1. Coagulation (Initiation, fortification & inhibition)

2. Fibrinolysis (Activation & inhibition)

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6
Q

Platelet ?

A
  1. Produced by megakaryocytes
  2. Stored in the spleen and liver
  3. Lifespan of 8-9 days
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7
Q

Vasospasm?

A
  1. Damage to tissue
  2. Collagen exposed with adherence of vWF
  3. Thrombocytes adherence to Von Willebrand factor (released from endothelium)
  4. The complex will secret Thromboxane A2 & Serotonin
  5. Vasospasm occurs
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8
Q

Platelet plug formation?

A
  1. Other platelete/vWF complexes bind together forming a clot.
  2. Inhibition - Nitric oxide & prostaglandins - of platelet activation
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9
Q

Coagulation cascade?

A
  1. Leaky endothelium
  2. Exposed tissue factor - Combine with factor VII & Calcium (Complex)
  3. Complex activates VII
  4. Activated complex with activate factor IX & X
  5. Activated FV & FXa will form a complex - activation of thrombin
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10
Q

Intrinsic pathways?

A
  1. Slower system

2. Leads to production of 95% of the thrombin

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11
Q

Inhibition of coagulation ?

A
  1. Antithrombin
  2. Protein C & S
  3. Tissue factor pathway inhibitor
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12
Q

Fibrinolysis ?

A
  1. Plasminogen is activated by tissue plasmin activator
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13
Q

Fibrinolysis ?

A
  1. Plasminogen is activated by tissue plasmin activator

2. PAI1 & 2 inhibitors

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14
Q

Vitamin K dependent clotting factors?

A

Factors : IX, X, VII and prothrombin, protein C, S and Z

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15
Q

clotting simpling

A

Citrate chelates calcium therefore placing it in pause

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16
Q

Prothrombin time ?

A
  1. Assesses the extrinsic and common pathway

2. Calcium is added to blood in the presence of TF & phospholipids

17
Q

INR?

A
  1. This is a ratio of patient’s PT to control PT obtained using international reference thromboplastin reagent developed by WHO
  2. FII, VII, IX & X (PT & INR)
18
Q

aPTT?

A
  1. Assesses the intrinsic and common pathways

2. Fibrinogen, prothrombin, FV, FVIII, FIX, FX, FXII

19
Q

Thrombin time ?

A

Measures the final step in coagulation, the conversion of Fibrinogen to Fibrin.

20
Q

TEG

A

Monitors the interaction between platelet within the fibrin mesh and lysis over time

21
Q

FFP?

A
  1. Contains - All coagulation factors, fibrinogen, albumin, protein C, protein S, antithrombin and tissue factor pathway inhibitor.
  2. It is free of erythrocytes, platelets and leukocytes
22
Q

Desmopressin?

A
  1. It is a vasopressin analogue
  2. Stimulates vWF - FVIII and tPA
  3. For dysfunctional platelets and some patients with haemophilia
23
Q

Vitamin K ?

A
  1. Co-factor for many coagulation factors

2. FII, VII, IX, X, Protein C & S. Patients on warfarin or liver failure

24
Q

Tranexamic acid?

A
  1. inhibits fibrinolysis by inhibiting plasminogen activation.
25
Q

NOAC?

A
  1. Dabigatran - Thrombin inhibitor

2. Rivaroxaban - Factor Xa inhibitor

26
Q

Others?

A
  1. Warfarin - Vitamin K antagonist
  2. ASA - COX1 inhibitor - Inhibits adhesion by thromboxane A2
  3. Clopidogrel - ADP receptor inhibitor - Inhibits adhesion by GP IIb/IIIa
27
Q

Heparin?

A
  1. Naturally occuring glycosaminoglycan
  2. Binds to antithrombin
  3. Inactivates thrombin, Xa, IXa, XIa and XIIa
28
Q

Alteplase ?

A
  1. Plasminogen activator

2. Promotion of fibrinolysis

29
Q

ROTEM / TEG

A

Interpretation of the results. Reed them

EDAIC Online course (BCSAC 2021) (35 decks)

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