coagulation Flashcards
intrinsic factors consist of what
12, 11, 9. kallikrein
extrinisc
activation of 7 by tissue factor. also consists of 5, 10 and 2
Prothrombin time (PT)
time to form clot with thromboplastin
which pathway does PT measure
extrinsic
PT used in patients taking what
oral anticoagulants (warfarin)
Partial thromboplastin time (PPT)
time for plasma to form clot in presence of added ground glass or kaolin
which pathway does PPT measure
intrinsic
prolongued PT or PPT time means what
decreased number or abnormal factors (each one measures different factors)
PPT used in patients take what
heparin
bleeding time measures ____ function
platelet
prolonged bleeding time means abnormalities in what
platelets
If the mixing study corrects the clotting time, a deficiency of some _____ is felt to be present
factor(s)
If the mixing study does not correct the clotting time, an _____ is felt to be present,
inhibitor
Disorders of the _______ may be suspected if screening laboratory tests are normal.
regulatory system
mucosal bleeding is associated with ______ problem
platelet
deep tissue hematomas are associated with _____ problmes
coagulation factor
Disorders of Primary Hemostasis: clinical presentation and lab results
clincal- mucocutaneous bleeding
lab- prolonged bleeding time and thrombocytopenia
Disorders of Secondary Hemostasis: clinical presentation and lab results
clinical- soft tissue bleeding
lab- prolonged PT and/or PTT and/or thrombin time.
Most common inherited bleeding disorder
vonWillebrand diease
The predominant clinical manifestation of vWF disease is….
The predominant clinical manifestation is mucocutaneous bleeding. also nosebleeds, bruises,
what is von willebrand disease
abnormal funtion or number of vWF
Because vWF is a carrier for Factor VIII, the measured level of Factor VIII also _______
decreases
lab manifestations of vWF disease
prolonged bleeding time, prolonged PPT
Therapeutic options for vWF disease include
desmopressin- releases vWF from endothelial cells
hemophilia A is what kind of genetic disease
Sex-linked recessive
hemophilia A is due to what
decreased production of factor Vlll
hemophilia A clinical manifestations include
hemarthrosis, soft tissue bleeding, bleeding with trauma, intramuscular hematomas, intracranial hemorrhage, and generally excessive bleeding.
only abnormal lab test in hemophilia A is what?
PTT time due to factor 8 depletion
factor 8 is associated with which test
PTT
Generally thrombocytopenia is present when the platelet count is < than _______
100,000/µL
petechial hemorrhages in skin and mucous membranes type of bleeding is associated with what
thrombocytopenia
Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP) is simply causes
bleeding
what happens in Immune thrombocytopenic purpura
auto antibodies made against platelets, platelets get destoryed by spleen
acute form ITP
- children
- severe thrombocytopenia
- self limiting
chronic ITP
- adults
2. less thormbocytopenia
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP): simply causes
clots, coagulation (platelet activation) microthrombi
TTP is caused by a deficiency in
metalloproteinase, ADAMTS 13
deficiency in metalloproteinase, ADAMTS 13
results in accumulation of the abnormally large vWF in the plasma.
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
uncontrolled activation of the hemostatic system
Clinical situations with increased risk of occurrence of DIC include infections….
(Gram negative sepsis),
