CO2/O2 Exhange/Flow Flashcards

1
Q

What are the percentages of alveolar gases? (O, N, CO, H2O))

A

14% O2
75% N2
5% CO2
6% H2O

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2
Q

What 5 things affect rate of gas diffusion?

A

1-solubility of gas in the fluid
2-surface area of the barrier across which diffusion takes place
3-distance of diffusion
4-molecular weight of gas
5-temperature (though it is well regulated Inside the body)

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3
Q

What is tidal volume?

A

Normal volume of air displaced between inhalation and exhalation

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4
Q

What is functional residual capacity?

A

The amount of air still left after normal exhalation

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5
Q

What 2 things control the amount of oxygen in alveoli?

A

Ventilation from breathing

Rate of absorption into the blood (this is affected by many things)

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6
Q

When VA/Q approaches zero, what is happening? What does it result in?

A

Ventilation is poor or not as good as profusion.

Results in shunting

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7
Q

When VA/Q approaches infinity what is happening? What is the result of this?

A

Profusion is poor or not as good as ventilation.

Results in dead space

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8
Q

Where is dead space more prevalent?

A

In the superior region of the lung

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9
Q

Where is shunting more prevalent?

A

Inferior portion of the lungs

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10
Q

What is the equation for delivery of oxygen to the tissues?

A

DO2=CO x CaO2

Delivery of O2= cardiac output x arterial O2

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11
Q

What is the O2 partial pressure leaving the alveoli?

A

104 mm hg

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12
Q

What is the O2 partial pressure once shunted blood mixes?

A

95 mm hg

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13
Q

What is the O2 partial pressure in venous return?

A

40 mm hg

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14
Q

What is the equation for arterial oxygen content?

A

Arterial oxygen content= (1.34 x Hb concentration x O2 sat of Hb) + (0.003 x pressure of unbound O2)

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15
Q

What allows Hemoglobin to progressively increase its affinity for O2 as it binds?

A

Cooperative binding

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16
Q

The opposite of cooperative binding happens in low O2 regions. What does this mean?

A

As O2 disassociates it is easier for the remaining molecules to disassociate

17
Q

What does the haldane effect tell us?

A

Deoxygenated blood has increase ability to carry CO2

18
Q

What does the Bohr effect tell us?

A

pH and CO2 change the affinity of hemoglobin for O2

19
Q

What are the percentages of atmospheric gases? (O, N)

A

21% O2

79% N2