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CNS Pathology > CNS Tumors > Flashcards

CNS Tumors Flashcards

1
Q

Where do children primary tumors usually present compared to where adult primary tumors usually present?

A

Children - **infratentorial **

adults - supratentorial

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2
Q

What are the MC CNS tumors in children?

A

Pilocytic astrocytoma

Ependymoma

Medulloblastoma

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3
Q

What is glioblastoma multiforme (GBM)?

A

Malignant, high-grade tumor of astrocytes

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4
Q

What is the MC primary tumor in adults?

A

Glioblastoma multiforme

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5
Q

Where does glioblatoma multiforme usually arise?

A

Usually arises in the cerebral hemisphre

Characteristically crosses the corpus callosum creating a butterfly leasion

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6
Q

How is glioblastoma multiforme histologically characterized?

A

Regions of necrosis surrounded by tumor cells (pseudopalisading)

Endothelial cell prliferation

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7
Q

Are glioblastoma multiforme tumor cells GFAP positive or negative?

A

GFAP positive

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8
Q

What is meningioma?

A

Benign tumor of arachnoid cells

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9
Q

Common clinical presentation of meningioma

A

Seizures

Tumor compresses the cortex but does not invade it

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10
Q

What is seen upon imaging of meningioma?

A

Round mass attached to the dura

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11
Q

What is seen on the histology of meningioma?

A

Histo shows a **whorled pattern **

Psammoma bodies may be present (calcified whorled bodies)

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12
Q

What is a schwannoma?

A

Benign tumor of Schwann cells

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13
Q

What nerve is most frequently involved in Schwannomas?

A

CN VIII at the cerebellopontine angle

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14
Q

Are schwannomas S-100 positive or negative?

A

S-100 positive

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15
Q

Bilateral schwannoma tumors are seen in what condition?

A

Neurofibromatosis type 2

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16
Q

What is seen in imaging of oligodendroglioma?

A

**Calcified tumor in the white matter **

17
Q

What lobe of the brain is usually involved in oligodendroglioma?

A

frontal lobe

18
Q

What clinical presentation may be seen with oligodendroglioma?

A

Seizures

19
Q

What is the appearance of cells in the histology of oligodendroglioma?

A

Fried-egg appearance

20
Q

What is pilocytic astrocytoma?

A

Benign tumor of astrocytes

21
Q

What population most often presents with pilocytic astrocytoma?

A

children

22
Q

What is seen in the imaging of pilocytic astrocytoma?

A

Cystic lesion with a mural nodule

23
Q

Histo of pilocytic astrocytoma

A

Rosenthal fibers (thick eosinophilic processes of astrocytes)

Eosinophilic granular bodies

24
Q

Are pilocytic astrocytoma tumor cells GFAP positive or negative?

A

GFAP positive

25
Q

What is medulloblastoma?

A

Malignant tumor derived from the granular cells of the cerebellum (neuroectoderm)

26
Q

What age group normally develops medullblastoma?

A

Children

27
Q

Histo of medullblastoma

A

Small round blue cells

Homer-Wright rosettes may be present

28
Q

What medium does medulloblastoma spread through?

A

Via CSF

29
Q

What is drop metastasis of medulloblastoma?

A

Metastasis to the cauda equina

30
Q

What is ependymoma?

A

Malignant tumor of ependymal cells

31
Q

Where does ependymoma normally arise? What complication does this cause?

A

Arises in the 4th ventricle

This causes **hydrocephalus **

Growing into the 4th ventricle blocks CSF flow –> hydrocephalus

32
Q

What is a characteristic finding on biopsy of ependymoma?

A

Perivascular pseudorosettes

33
Q

What is craniopharyngioma?

A

Tumor that arises from epithelial remnants of Rathke’s pouch

34
Q

Does craniopharyngioma present as a supratentorial or infratentorial mass?

A

Supratentorial mass

35
Q

What structure may craniopoharyngioma compress? What complications does this lead to?

A

It may compress the optic chiasm leading to bitemporal hemianopsia

36
Q

What can be seen in the imaging of craniopharyngioma?

A

Calcifications from “tooth-like” tissues

37
Q

Is craniopharyngioma benign or malignant?

A

Benign but tends to recur after resection

38
Q

What age group develops craniopharygnioma?

A

Child or young adult

39
Q

MC supratentorial tumor in children?

A

craniopharyngioma

CNS Pathology (11 decks)

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