CNS Stimulant Drugs (Iszard)

Question 1

The stimulants used to treat ADHD are derivatives of?

Answer 1

Amphetamine

Question 2

What are the list of simulants used to treat ADHD?

Answer 2

1) Amphetamine
2) Dextroamphetamine
3) Lisdexamfetamine
4) Methylphenidate
5) Dexmethylphenidate

Question 3

Stimulants enhance neurotransmitter transmission by serving as?

Answer 3

Direct & indirect non-catecholamine sympathomimetics

Question 4

What effect do stimulants have by serving as direct & indirect non-catecholamine sympathomimetics?

Answer 4

1) Block presynaptic reuptake
2) Interfere with VMAT (vesicular monoamine transporter)
3) Increase in neurotransmitter release (NE, then DA, then 5-HT)

Question 5

Which isomers of Amphetamine and Methylphenidate have more CNS activity?

Answer 5

D-isomers

Question 6

What is Methylphenidate’s main activity?

Answer 6

Inhibition of dopamine reuptake and inhibition neurotransmitter pre-synaptic reuptake

Question 7

Does Methylphenidate stimulate the release of neurotransmitters?

Answer 7

No

Question 8

What are rare side effects of stimulants?

Answer 8

1) Priapism
2) Seizures
3) Sudden cardiac death
4) Stroke & MI
5) Chemical Leukoderma

Question 9

How are stimulants prescribed?

Answer 9

As controlled substances (1 month supply only, no refills, no samples)

Question 10

Dextroamphetamine/AMP/Adderall® is given in what form?

What is the duration?

Answer 10

1) Tablet

2) 4-6 hours (IR)

Question 11

Dextroamphetamine Sulfate/ProCentral® is given in what form?

What is the duration?

Answer 11

1) Liquid

2) 4-6 hours (IR)

Question 12

Amphetamine Sulfate/Evekeo® is given in what form?

What is the duration?

Answer 12

1) Capsule

2) 4-6 hours (IR)

Question 13

Dextroamphetamine/Zenzidi® is given in what form?

What is the duration?

Answer 13

1) Tablet

2) 4-6 hours (IR)

Question 14

Dextroamphetamine/Adderall XR® is given in what form?

What is the duration?

Answer 14

1) Capsule

2) 8-12 hours (XR)

Question 15

Dextroamphetamine/Dexedrine® is given in what form?

What is the duration?

Answer 15

1) Capsule

2) 8-10 hours (XR)

Question 16

Amphetamine/Dyanavel XR® is given in what form?

What is the duration?

Answer 16

1) Liquid

2) 13 hours (XR)

Question 17

Lisdexamfetamine/Vyvanse® is given in what form?

What is the duration?

Answer 17

1) Capsule

2) 10-12 hours (XR)

Question 18

Amphetamine (Mixed Salts)/Mydayis® is given in what form?

What is the duration?

Answer 18

1) Capsule

2) 16 hours (XR)

Question 19

If a patient has trouble swallowing, which Amphetamine-Based Stimulant should be given and why?

Answer 19

1) Amphetamine/Dyanavel XR®

2) It’s in liquid form

Question 20

Dexmethylphenidate/Focalin® is given in what form?

What is the duration?

Answer 20

1) Tablet

2) 4-6 hours (IR)

Question 21

Methylphenidate/Methylin® is given in what form?

What is the duration?

Answer 21

1) Liquid

2) 3-4 hours (IR)

Question 22

Methylphenidate/Ritalin® is given in what form?

What is the duration?

Answer 22

1) Tablet

2) 3-4 hours (IR)

Question 23

Methylphenidate/Ritalin-SR® is given in what form?

What is the duration?

Answer 23

1) Tablet

2) 4-8 hours (SR)

Question 24

Methamphetamine/Desoxyn® is given in what form?

What is the duration?

Answer 24

1) Tablet

2) 4-8 hours (SR)

Question 25

Methylphenidate/Aptensio XR® is given in what form?

What is the duration?

Answer 25

1) Capsule

2) 12 hours (ER)

Question 26

Methylphenidate HCl/Concerta® is given in what form?

What is the duration?

Answer 26

1) Tablet

2) 10-12 hours (ER)

Question 27

Methylphenidate ER/ Comtempla® XR-ODT is given in what form?

What is the duration?

Answer 27

1) Tablet

2) 12 hours (ER)

Question 28

Methylphenidate/Daytrana® is given in what form?

What is the duration?

Answer 28

1) Transdermal Patch

2) 10-12 hours (ER)

Question 29

Dexmethylphenidate HCl/ Focalin XR® is given in what form?

What is the duration?

Answer 29

1) Capsule

2) 6-10 hours (ER)

Question 30

Methylphenidate HCl/Metadate CD® is given in what form?

What is the duration?

Answer 30

1) Capsule

2) 8-10 hours (ER)

Question 31

Methylphenidate HCL ER/Ritalin LA® is given in what form?

What is the duration?

Answer 31

1) Capsule

2) 8-10 hours (ER)

Question 32

Methylphenidate HCl/QuilliChew® is given in what form?

What is the duration?

Answer 32

1) Chewable Tablet

2) 8 hours (ER)

Question 33

Methylphenidate/Quillivant XR® is given in what form?

What is the duration?

Answer 33

1) Liquid

2) 8, 10, 12 hours (ER)

Question 34

If a patient has trouble swallowing, which Methylphenidate-Based Stimulants should be given?

Answer 34

1) Methylphenidate/Methylin® Oral Solution

2) Methylphenidate/Quillivant XR®

Question 35

Which Methylphenidate-Based Stimulants can be given in transdermal patch form?

Answer 35

Methylphenidate Transdermal/Daytrana®

Question 36

Which Methylphenidate-Based Stimulants can be given in chewable tablet form?

Answer 36

Methylphenidate HCl/QuilliChew®

Question 37

What are the list of non-stimulants used to treat ADHD?

Answer 37

1) Atomoxetine
2) Guanfacine
3) Clonidine

Question 38

How does the non-stimulant atomoxetine enhance neurotransmitter transmission?

How do the non-stimulants guanfacine/clonidine enhance neurotransmitter transmission?

Answer 38

1) Inhibition of NE pre-synaptic reuptake

2) Agonists of CNS α2A adrenergic receptors

Question 39

What is the onset of activity for non-stimulants?

Answer 39

1-4+ weeks

Question 40

Atomoxetine is given in what form?

What is the duration?

Answer 40

1) Capsule

2) 24 hours (ER)

Question 41

Clonidine and Guanfacine are given in what form?

What is the duration?

Answer 41

1) Tablet

2) 12-24 hours (ER)

Question 42

What risk is associated with Clonidine and Guanfacine with abrupt discontinuation?

Answer 42

Rebound HTN (both are anti-hypertensives)