CNS Stimulant Drugs (Iszard)

Question 1

The stimulants used to treat ADHD are derivatives of?

Answer 1

Amphetamine

Question 2

What are the list of simulants used to treat ADHD?

Answer 2

1) Amphetamine
2) Dextroamphetamine
3) Lisdexamfetamine
4) Methylphenidate
5) Dexmethylphenidate

Question 3

Stimulants enhance neurotransmitter transmission by serving as?

Answer 3

Direct & indirect non-catecholamine sympathomimetics

Question 4

What effect do stimulants have by serving as direct & indirect non-catecholamine sympathomimetics?

Answer 4

1) Block presynaptic reuptake
2) Interfere with VMAT (vesicular monoamine transporter)
3) Increase in neurotransmitter release (NE, then DA, then 5-HT)

Question 5

Which isomers of Amphetamine and Methylphenidate have more CNS activity?

Answer 5

D-isomers

Question 6

What is Methylphenidate’s main activity?

Answer 6

Inhibition of dopamine reuptake and inhibition neurotransmitter pre-synaptic reuptake

Question 7

Does Methylphenidate stimulate the release of neurotransmitters?

Answer 7

No

Question 8

What are rare side effects of stimulants?

Answer 8

1) Priapism
2) Seizures
3) Sudden cardiac death
4) Stroke & MI
5) Chemical Leukoderma

Question 9

How are stimulants prescribed?

Answer 9

As controlled substances (1 month supply only, no refills, no samples)

Question 10

Dextroamphetamine/AMP/Adderall® is given in what form?

What is the duration?

Answer 10

1) Tablet

2) 4-6 hours (IR)

Question 11

Dextroamphetamine Sulfate/ProCentral® is given in what form?

What is the duration?

Answer 11

1) Liquid

2) 4-6 hours (IR)

Question 12

Amphetamine Sulfate/Evekeo® is given in what form?

What is the duration?

Answer 12

1) Capsule

2) 4-6 hours (IR)

Question 13

Dextroamphetamine/Zenzidi® is given in what form?

What is the duration?

Answer 13

1) Tablet

2) 4-6 hours (IR)

Question 14

Dextroamphetamine/Adderall XR® is given in what form?

What is the duration?

Answer 14

1) Capsule

2) 8-12 hours (XR)

Question 15

Dextroamphetamine/Dexedrine® is given in what form?

What is the duration?

Answer 15

1) Capsule

2) 8-10 hours (XR)

Question 16

Amphetamine/Dyanavel XR® is given in what form?

What is the duration?

Answer 16

1) Liquid

2) 13 hours (XR)

Question 17

Lisdexamfetamine/Vyvanse® is given in what form?

What is the duration?

Answer 17

1) Capsule

2) 10-12 hours (XR)

Question 18

Amphetamine (Mixed Salts)/Mydayis® is given in what form?

What is the duration?

Answer 18

1) Capsule

2) 16 hours (XR)

Question 19

If a patient has trouble swallowing, which Amphetamine-Based Stimulant should be given and why?

Answer 19

1) Amphetamine/Dyanavel XR®

2) It’s in liquid form

Question 20

Dexmethylphenidate/Focalin® is given in what form?

What is the duration?

Answer 20

1) Tablet

2) 4-6 hours (IR)

Question 21

Methylphenidate/Methylin® is given in what form?

What is the duration?

Answer 21

1) Liquid

2) 3-4 hours (IR)

Question 22

Methylphenidate/Ritalin® is given in what form?

What is the duration?

Answer 22

1) Tablet

2) 3-4 hours (IR)

Question 23

Methylphenidate/Ritalin-SR® is given in what form?

What is the duration?

Answer 23

1) Tablet

2) 4-8 hours (SR)

Question 24

Methamphetamine/Desoxyn® is given in what form?

What is the duration?

Answer 24

1) Tablet

2) 4-8 hours (SR)

Question 25

Methylphenidate/Aptensio XR® is given in what form? What is the duration?

Answer 25

1) Capsule | 2) 12 hours (ER)

Question 26

Methylphenidate HCl/Concerta® is given in what form? What is the duration?

Answer 26

1) Tablet | 2) 10-12 hours (ER)

Question 27

Methylphenidate ER/ Comtempla® XR-ODT is given in what form? What is the duration?

Answer 27

1) Tablet | 2) 12 hours (ER)

Question 28

Methylphenidate/Daytrana® is given in what form? What is the duration?

Answer 28

1) Transdermal Patch | 2) 10-12 hours (ER)

Question 29

Dexmethylphenidate HCl/ Focalin XR® is given in what form? What is the duration?

Answer 29

1) Capsule | 2) 6-10 hours (ER)

Question 30

Methylphenidate HCl/Metadate CD® is given in what form? What is the duration?

Answer 30

1) Capsule | 2) 8-10 hours (ER)

Question 31

Methylphenidate HCL ER/Ritalin LA® is given in what form? What is the duration?

Answer 31

1) Capsule | 2) 8-10 hours (ER)

Question 32

Methylphenidate HCl/QuilliChew® is given in what form? What is the duration?

Answer 32

1) Chewable Tablet | 2) 8 hours (ER)

Question 33

Methylphenidate/Quillivant XR® is given in what form? What is the duration?

Answer 33

1) Liquid | 2) 8, 10, 12 hours (ER)

Question 34

If a patient has trouble swallowing, which Methylphenidate-Based Stimulants should be given?

Answer 34

1) Methylphenidate/Methylin® Oral Solution | 2) Methylphenidate/Quillivant XR®

Question 35

Which Methylphenidate-Based Stimulants can be given in transdermal patch form?

Answer 35

Methylphenidate Transdermal/Daytrana®

Question 36

Which Methylphenidate-Based Stimulants can be given in chewable tablet form?

Answer 36

Methylphenidate HCl/QuilliChew®

Question 37

What are the list of non-stimulants used to treat ADHD?

Answer 37

1) Atomoxetine 2) Guanfacine 3) Clonidine

Question 38

How does the non-stimulant atomoxetine enhance neurotransmitter transmission? How do the non-stimulants guanfacine/clonidine enhance neurotransmitter transmission?

Answer 38

1) Inhibition of NE pre-synaptic reuptake | 2) Agonists of CNS α2A adrenergic receptors

Question 39

What is the onset of activity for non-stimulants?

Answer 39

1-4+ weeks

Question 40

Atomoxetine is given in what form? What is the duration?

Answer 40

1) Capsule | 2) 24 hours (ER)

Question 41

Clonidine and Guanfacine are given in what form? What is the duration?

Answer 41

1) Tablet | 2) 12-24 hours (ER)

Question 42

What risk is associated with Clonidine and Guanfacine with abrupt discontinuation?

Answer 42

Rebound HTN (both are anti-hypertensives)