CNS Motor Control & Systems 🧠 Flashcards
Motor control: Desc control of spinal circuits and motor cortex
What are the 3 components of the motor system?
- cerebral cortex (and voluntary movement)
- descending pathways
- spinal cord
What is the brain part of the motor system?
the cerebral cortex
- motor cortex
- sensory input
What are the two non-brain components of the motor system?
descending pathways
- lateral= volunatry
- ventromedial (brainstem control)
spinal cord
- motor neurons
- sensory input
- local reflexes
What neurones within the spinal cord are part of the motor system?
alpha motor neurones
Where in the spinal cord are these alpha motor neurones?
the ventral horn - they then directly synapse w muscles at neuromuscular junction to initiate movement
What can influence the motor neurone activity in the spinal cord?
sensory input
What type of local pathways can be activated in the spinal cord?
local reflexes
What are 3 key features of the spinal cord?
- motor neurones
- sensory input
- local reflexes
What are the two types of descending motor pathways?
- lateral
- ventromedial
What type of movement is the lateral pathway in charge of?
voluntary e.g. decision to stand up
What type of movement is the ventromedial pathway in charge of?
brainstem control
involuntary (e.g. maintaining posture)
What are the two key features/functions of the cerebral cortex as part of the motor system?
- voluntary movement
- sensory input
What nuclei are under the cortex and what do they form?
subcortical nuclei, form the basal ganglia
What are the 3 key features of the motor system?
- hierarchical organisation
- feedback loops
- somatotopic representation
Where does the spinal cord receive input from?
- sensory receptors
- brainstem
- primary motor cortex
Where does the the spinal cord output to?
- brainstem
- sensory receptors
- cerebellum
- thalamus
Where does the brainstem receive input from?
primary motor cortex
cerebellum
SC
Where does the premotor and supplementary motor cortex receive input from?
thalamus
Where does the premotor and supplementary motor cortex output to?
- basal ganglia
- cerebellum
blue
Where does the thalamus receive input from?
- basal ganglia
- cerebellum
- spinal cord
Where does the thalamus output to?
premotor and supplementary motor cortex
Where does the primary cortex output to?
- brainstem
- spinal cord
Where does the basal ganglia receive input from?
premotor and supplementary motor cortex
Where does the basal ganglia output to?
thalamus