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Pharm Drug Names > CNS depressants and stimulants > Flashcards

CNS depressants and stimulants Flashcards

1
Q

Drug names for centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxants

A 
Baclofen
Carisoprodal
Cyclobenzaprine
Metaxalone
Methocarbamol
Tizanidine
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2
Q

Action for centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxants

A
  • work in upper levels of CNS to interfere with reflexes causing muscle spasm
  • possible depression anticipated with use
  • lyse or destroy spasms (spasmolytic)
  • Exact MOA unknown, thought to involve action in upper or spinal interneurons
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3
Q

indication?

why would I use centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxants?

A

alleviation of s/sx of spasticity, use in spinal cord injuries or diseases

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4
Q

Adverse effects for centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxants

A 
drowsy
fatigue
weakness
confusion
HA
dry mouth 
nausea
hypotension
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5
Q

contraindications for centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxants

A

known allergy

thermostatic disorders

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6
Q

cautions for centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxants

A 
epilepsy
cardiac dysfunction 
conditions marked by muscle weakness
hepatic or renal impairment 
P/L
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7
Q

drug/ drug for centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxants

A
  • CNS depressants

- Alcohol

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8
Q

Nursing Diagnosis for centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxants

A

Acute pain r/t GI and CNS
Disturbed through process r/t CNS
Risk for injury r/t CNS
Deficient knowledge regarding drug therapy

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9
Q

Assessment for centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxants

A
  • known allergy, cardiac depression, epilepsy, muscle weakness or rheumatic disorder
  • CNS orientation, affect, reflexes, bilateral grip strength and spasticity, evaluations, BS and reported output
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10
Q

Implementation for centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxants

A
  • provide additional measures to relieve discomforts
  • discontinue drug at sign of hypersensitivity reactive or liver dysfunction
  • if using Baclofen, taper drug slowly over 1-2 weeks
  • if getting Baclofen through delivery pump should understand pump, reason fro frequent monitoring, how to adjust dose and program unit
  • monitor respiratory status
  • pt teaching
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11
Q

evaluation for centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxants

A

response to drug:
improvement in muscle spasms and relief of pain, improvement in muscle spasticity

Monitor ADE:
CNS changes, GI depression, urinary urgency

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12
Q

drug names for direct acting skeletal muscle relaxants

A

Dantrolene
Incobotulinumtoxin A
Onabotulinumtoxin B
Rimabotulinumtoxin B

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13
Q

Actions for direct acting skeletal muscle relaxants

A
  • interfering with the release of calcium from muscle tubules
  • this prevents the muscles from contracting
  • does not interfere with neuromuscular transmission
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14
Q

Indication?

why would I use direct acting skeletal muscle relaxants?

A
  • tx of spasticity directly affecting peripheral muscle contraction
  • management of spasticity associated with neuromuscular disease.
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15
Q

Adverse effects for direct acting skeletal muscle relaxants

A 
fatigue 
weakness
confusion
GI irritation
enuresis
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16
Q

contraindications for direct acting skeletal muscle relaxants

A

known allergy
spasticity that contributes to locomotion, upright position or increased fx
hepatic disease
lactation

17
Q

cautions for direct acting skeletal muscle relaxants

A 
women
patients older than 35
cardiac disease 
respiration depression
pregnancy
18
Q

nursing diagnosis for direct acting skeletal muscle relaxants

A

acute pain r/t GI and CNS
disturbed thought process r/t CNS
risk for injury r/t CNS
deficient knowledfe

19
Q

Assessment for direct acting skeletal muscle relaxants

A 
cardiac depression
epilepsy 
muscle weakness
respiratory depression
P/L
renal/hepatic dysfx

Assess CNS, bilateral grip strength, and spasticity. VS, LS, ECG, BS, CO urinary output

20
Q

Implementation for direct acting skeletal muscle relaxants

A

discontinue drug at any sign of liver dysfx
do not administer botulism toxins into any area with active infection
monitor IV access sites of dantrolene for potential etravasation
institute other supportive measures (ventilation, anticonvulsants as needed, cooling blanket for tx of malignant hyperthermia.
periodically discontinue dantrolene 2-4 days to monitor therapeutic effectiveness
establish therapeutic goal before starling dantrolene
discontinue dantrolene if diarrhea becomes severe

21
Q

evaluation for direct acting skeletal muscle relaxants

A

response to drug:
improvement in spasticity, improvement in movement and activities, improvement in continence, migraines, dystonia, facial lines, sweating with botulin toxins.

monitor ADE:
CNS changes, diarrhea, liver toxicity, urinary urgency

22
Q

Drug names for central nervous system stimulants

A 
Armodafinil
dexmethylphenidate
dextroamphetamine
methylphenidate
modafinil
23
Q

Action for Central nervous system stimulant

A
  • CNS stimulation, act as cortical and RAS, possible increasing the release of catecholamines from presynaptic neurons leading to an increase in stimulation of the postsynaptic neurons
24
Q

Indication?

Why would I use Central nervous system stimulants?

A

tx attention deficit syndrome (ADD, ADHD)

narcolepsy (sleeping disorder)

25
Q

Adverse effects for Central nervous system stimulants

A 
nervousness
insomnia*
dizziness
HA
blurred vision
anoerxia*
nausea
weight loss*
26
Q

Contraindication for Central nervous system stimulant

A

known allergy
marked anxiety
agitation or tension and severe fatigue or glaucoma
cardiac disease

27
Q

Caution for Central nervous system stimulants

A

tx of seizures
hx of drug dependance - including alcoholism
HTN

28
Q

Drug/drug for Central nervous system stimulants

A

MAOIs
Guanethedine
tricyclic antidepressants- phenytoin

29
Q

nursing diagnosis for Central nervous system stimulants

A

disturbed thought process r/t CNS
decreased CO r/t CV
risk for injury r/t CNS and visual effects of drug
deficient knowledge

30
Q

Assessment for Central nervous system stimulant

A

glaucoma, anxiety, tension, fatigue or seizure disorder, cardiac disease or HTN
p/l hx of leukemia, drug dependance including alcoholism
assess skin color and lesions, CNS, opthalmic exam, BS, urinary output, VS, LS

Labs: CBC

31
Q

Implementation for Central nervous system stimulants

A 
ensure proper diagnosis of behavioral syndromes and narcolepsy
arrange to interrupt drug periodically in children who are receiving for behavioral syndromes
use least amount of drug possible
give before 6pm
monitor weight, CBC, ECG
consult with school nurse or counselor
safety for CNS
controlled substance
32
Q

Evaluation for Central nervous system stimulants

A

response to drug:
decreased manifestation of behavioral syndromes, decreased daytime sleep and narcolepsy

monitor ADE:
CNS stimulation, CV effects, rash, physical or psychological dependance, GI dysfunction

Pharm Drug Names (7 decks)

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