CNS-Brain, cerebrum, limbic, brainstem, cerebellum, spinal cord

Question 1

what is gyri and sulci

Answer 1

gyri (folds)
sulci (shallow grooves)

Question 2

Left and right cerebral hemispheres is Separated by

Answer 2

longitudinal fissure

Question 3

Left and right cerebral hemispheres is connected by

Answer 3

corpus callosum

Question 4

outer gray matter

Answer 4

cerebral cortex

Question 5

Outer surface of gray matter have

Answer 5

Neuronal cell bodies and unmyelinated fibers

Question 6

White matter beneath the cortex have

Answer 6

Myelinated fibers that transmit impulses

Question 7

• Cerebral hemisphere is divided into 4 lobes+1

Answer 7

○ Frontal lobe
○ Parietal lobe
○ Temporal lobe
○ Occipital lobe
○ Insula

Question 8

Motor areas
- Primary motor area
- Premotor area
- Broca’s area
○ Left side of the cerebrum controls skeletal muscles on
the right side of the body

Answer 8

Frontal lobe

Question 9

• General sensory areas
• Primary sensory area
• Higher-level reasoning

Answer 9

Parietal Lobe

Question 10

• Hearing
• Wernicke’s area
• Language

Answer 10

Temporal Lobe

Question 11

• Vision

Answer 11

Occipital Lobe

Question 12

• Complex of deep nuclei of cerebrum
• Associated with the thalamus of the diencephalon

Answer 12

Limbic system

Question 13

2 parts of Diencephalon

Answer 13

Thalamus
Hypothalamus

Question 14

-acts as a switching station for incoming
sensory messages
-It directs the sensory messages to the appropriate lobe
of the cerebrum.

Answer 14

Thalamus

Question 15

• Monitors the internal environment
• Temperature regulation
• Autonomic functions
  ○ Heart rate, digestive function, and urinary function
• Endocrine functions
• Food and water intake
• Sexual development

Answer 15

Hypothalamus

Question 16

The brainstem is composed of the ____________

Answer 16

medulla oblangata
pons
midbrain
reticular formations

Question 17

• Most inferior section of the brainstem
• All ascending (sensory) and descending (motor)
  information passes through
• Motor tracts make up anterior raise the area called the
  pyramids
• Contains centers to regulate heart rate, respiratory
  rate, and blood vessel diameter

Answer 17

medulla oblangata

Question 18

controls vomiting

Answer 18

Emetic center

Question 19

• Large bulge on the anterior surface of the brainstem
  between the medulla oblongata and the midbrain
• Serves as a bridge for motor tracts to the cerebellum

Answer 19

Pons

Question 20

• The _____ has four bulges, called _________, on its
  posterior surface.

Answer 20

-midbrain
- conculli

Question 21

two superior colliculi are important for

Answer 21

Visual reflexes

Question 22

○ The two inferior colliculi are important for

Answer 22

auditory reflexes

Question 23

• Groups of cell bodies (called nuclei in the CNS, ganglia
  in the PNS) are scattered throughout the brainstem.
• it is important for arousal.
• It is responsible for sleep-wake cycles

Answer 23

Reticular Formation

Question 24

• Second largest brain region
• Inferior to occipital and temporal lobes; posterior to
  pons and medulla oblongata

Answer 24

Cerebellum

Question 25

cerebellum has Two hemispheres connected by the

Answer 25

Vermis

Question 26

cerebellum's Outer layer of gray matter surrounding inner white matter called the ________

Answer 26

arbor vitae

Question 27

* Controls and coordinates the interaction of skeletal muscles * Controls posture, balance, and muscle coordination * Damage results in loss of equilibrium, muscle coordination, and muscle tone

Answer 27

Cerebellum

Question 28

* Responsible for reflexive memory * Important in keyboarding and martial arts

Answer 28

Cerebellum

Question 29

__________ a solid structure from the foramen magnum to L1.

Answer 29

The spinal cord

Question 30

* Descends from medulla oblongata through foramen magnum * Passes through vertebral canal to level of 2nd lumbar vertebra

Answer 30

spinal cord

Question 31

bundle of nerve roots L1-S5

Answer 31

Cauda equina (horse tail)

Question 32

- is internal and butterfly shaped. - Mostly interneurons - Central canal - Anterior horns - Posterior horns

Answer 32

Gray matter

Question 33

- surrounds the gray matter. - Anterior column - Posterior column - Lateral column - Columns are composed of nerve tracts.

Answer 33

White matter

Question 34

Functions of spinal cord

Answer 34

1. Transmits impulses to and from brain 2. Ascending (sensory) tracts 3. Descending (motor) tracts 4. Reflex center for spinal reflexes

Question 35

composed of myelinated axons

Answer 35

white matter

Question 36

composed of dendrites, cell bodies, unmyelinated neurons

Answer 36

gray matter

Question 37

-Fatty lipid rich substance -increases speed of electrical impulse

Answer 37

Myelin sheath

Question 38

-Junction between 1 neuron and the next -information gets transmitted from one cell to next

Answer 38

synapse