AXIAL SKELETON Flashcards

1
Q

longer than they are wide
and have clubby ends

A

Long bones

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2
Q

are cubelike. Example: carpal
bone

A

Short bones

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3
Q

look like they are a sheet of clay
that has been molded. Example: parietal
bone.

A

Flat bones

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4
Q

have many projections and
spines. Example: vertebrae.

A

Irregular bones

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5
Q

grow in tendons where
there is a lot of friction. Example: patella.

A

Sesamoid bones

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6
Q

CRANIAL BONES

A

Frontal bone
Parietal bones
Occipital bones
Temporal bone
Sphenoid bone
Ethmoid bone

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7
Q

FACIAL BONES

A

Maxillae
Palatine bones
Zygomatic bones
Lacrimal bones
Inferior nasal conchae
Mandible

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8
Q

skull bones contain sinuses:

A
  • Sphenoid sinus
  • Frontal sinus
  • Ethmoid sinus
  • Maxillary sinus
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9
Q

Anterior part of cranium

A

Frontal bone

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10
Q
  • Sides and roof of cranium
A

Parietal bones

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11
Q
  • Posterior portion and floor of cranium
A

Occipital bones

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12
Q
  • Inferior to parietal bones on each side of the
    cranium
  • Temporomandibular joint
A

Temporal bones

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13
Q

portions of eye orbit

A

Sphenoid bone

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14
Q

medial surface of eye orbit and roof of nasal

A

Ethmoid bone

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15
Q
  • Form upper jaw
A

Maxillae

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16
Q
  • Form posterior portion of hard palate
A

Palatine bones

17
Q
  • Cheek bones
A

Zygomatic bones

18
Q
  • Medial surfaces of eye orbits
A

Lacrimal bones

19
Q
  • Form bridge of nose
A

Nasal bones

20
Q

Forms nasal septum with the ethmoid bone

21
Q
  • Attached to lateral walls of nasal cavity
A

Inferior nasal conchae

22
Q
  • Lower jawbone
  • Only movable skull bone
23
Q
  • Extends from skull to pelvis
A

Spinal Column

24
Q
  • Scoliosis: lateral curvature
  • Kyphosis: hunchback
  • Lordosis: swayback
A

Abnormal spinal curvatures

25
Structure of a Vertebrae
- Vertebral foramen - Spinous process - Transverse process - Body
26
- Support neck - Possess unique transverse foramen
Cervical Vertebrae
27
• Articulates occipital condyles of occipital bone • Supports head
Atlas: cervical vertebra 1
28
• Possesses the odontoid process (dens) • Serves as a pivot point for atlas
Axis: cervical vertebra 2
29
- Larger vertebra with longer spinous process then cervical vertebrae - Ribs articulate on the facets of the transverse processes and bodies
Thoracic Vertebrae
30
- Heavy, thick bodies to support greater stress and weight - Larger processes for attachment of back muscles
Lumbar Vertebrae
31
- Five fused sacral bones - Forms posterior wall of pelvic girdle
Sacrum
32
- Tailbone - Three to five fused rudimentary vertebrae
Coccyx
33
The axial skeleton contains the following bones:
Sternum Ribs Hyoid bone
34
- Attached to thoracic vertebrae
Ribs
35
• Attached to sternum directly by costal cartilages
True ribs (#1-7)
36
• Attach to costal cartilage of superior ribs
False ribs (#8-12)
37
• Do not attach anteriorly, no costal cartilages
Floating ribs (#11-12)
38
- Found in anterior portion of neck, inferior to mandible - Does not articulate with any other bones - Used as attachment site for tongue muscles
Hyoid bone