CNS Flashcards

1
Q

Where does the pineal gland sit? Inferior, superior, posterior

A

Inferior to the splenium
Superior to the colliculus
Posterior to the thalamus

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2
Q

Is there a blood brain barrier at the pineal gland?

A

No

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3
Q

What does the pineal gland produce?

A

Melatonin

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4
Q

What are the descending spinal column tracts?

A

Pyramidal and extrapyramidal tracts

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5
Q

What are the pyramidal spinal tracts?

A

Corticospinal tract and corticobulbar tracts

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6
Q

What are the extrapyramidal spinal tracts?

A

Reticulospinal, vestibulospinal, rubrospinal, tectospinal

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7
Q

What are the ascending spinal tracts?

A

The conscious and unconscious tracts

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8
Q

What are the conscious spinal tracts?

A

Ascending

dorsal column–medial lemniscal pathway and the anterolateral system (anterior and lateral spinothalamic tracts)

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9
Q

What are the unconscious spinal tracts?

A

Ascending

Spinocerebellar tracts

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10
Q

What travels in the anterior spinothalamic tract?

A

Sensation of crude touch and pressure

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11
Q

What travels in the lateral spinothalamic tract?

A

Pain and temperature

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12
Q

What travels in the corticospinal tract?

A

Voluntary control of body musculature, pyramidal tract

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13
Q

What are the dorsal columns divided into?

A

Gracile and cuneate tracts

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14
Q

What are the ventral nerve roots?

A

EFFERENT motor root

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15
Q

What are the dorsal nerve roots?

A

AFFERENT sensory root

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16
Q

What does a far lateral disc herniation effect?

A

The upper spinal nerve root

17
Q

What does the genu in the internal capsule contain?

A

corticonuclear fibres destined for the brainstem

18
Q

What does the posterior limb of the internal capsule contain?

A

Fibres destined for the corticospinal tracts

Largest part of internal capsule

19
Q

What is the foramen of Monro?

A

The foramen of Monro allows CSF flow from the lateral ventricles to the third ventricle. Least likely to be obstructed

20
Q

Where is Broca’s area?

A

The motor speech area of Broca is located in the inferior frontal gyrus of the left cerebral hemisphere in right-handed people as well as in most left-handed people.

21
Q

Where is Wernicke’s area?

A

The posterior speech area of Wernicke is located in the posterior area of the superior and inferior temporal gyrus and the lower part of the parietal lobe