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Biology > Cnidaria And Porifera > Flashcards

Cnidaria And Porifera Flashcards

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1
Q

An organism whose mouth forms second during the process of gastrulation

A

Deuterostome

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2
Q

Body symmetry where the organism can be divided into two right and left halves

A

Bilateral

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3
Q

The middle layer of a developing embryo

A

Mesoderm

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4
Q

Animals with backbones

A

Vertebrates

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5
Q

Pieces of silica which make up the “skeleton” of many sponges

A

Spicules

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6
Q

The top side of an organism

A

Dorsal

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7
Q

The cells in sponges that are responsible for moving water currents through the sponge

A

Collar cells

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8
Q

The gathering of nerve tissue and sensory organs at the anterior end of the body

A

Cephalization

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9
Q

The “rear” end of an organism

A

Posterior

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10
Q

A hollow ball of cells formed after a zygote undergoes several rounds of cell division

A

Blastula

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11
Q

The motile stage of the sponge life cycle

A

Larva

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12
Q

The process of eliminating cellular waste

A

Excretion

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13
Q

An organism whose mouth is formed first during gastrulation

A

Protostome

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14
Q

A word which describes organisms which exhibit no definite symmetry

A

Asymmetrical

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15
Q

Animals with no backbones

A

Invertebrates

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16
Q

Stinging cells found along the tentacles of Cnidarians

A

Cnidocytes

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17
Q

The inner-most germ layer of a developing embryo

A

Endoderm

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18
Q

The free-swimming, sexually reproducing generation of a Cnidarian

A

Medusa

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19
Q

The type of body symmetry where the organism is symmetrical numerous ways around a central axis

A

Radial

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20
Q

Animals that must eat other organisms for energy

A

Heterotrophs

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21
Q

The flexible protein which makes up the supporting structure of many sponges

A

Spongin

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22
Q

The opening where water leaves a sponge

A

Osculum

23
Q

Organisms that don’t move are _______?

A

Sessile

24
Q

The name for the jelly-like substance found between the endoderm and ectoderm in Cnidarians

A

Mesoglea

25
Q

The underside of an organism

A

Ventral

26
Q

A poison filled, stinging dart found in Cnidarians

A

Nematocysts

27
Q

The __________ cavity in Cnidarians is a analogous to the human stomach

A

Gastrovascular

28
Q

The front end of an organism

A

Anterior

29
Q

The sessile, asexually reproducing generation of a Cnidarian

A

Polyp

30
Q

The outermost layer of a developing embryo

A

Ectoderm

31
Q

A body cavity which forms in many animals; organs are often located within this cavity

A

Coelem

32
Q

The 5 characteristics of an animal

A
  1. Heterotrophic and usually obtain food through ingestion followed by digestion
  2. Typically can move by muscle fibres
  3. Multicellular with specialized cells
  4. Typically diploid in adult stage of life cycle
  5. Sexual reproduction, produces and embryo
33
Q

3% of animals

A

Are vertebrates

34
Q

97% of animals

A

Invertebrates

35
Q

The 2 body plans

A
  1. The sac plan
  2. The tube within a tube plan
36
Q

Level of organization

A
  1. Cell
  2. Tissue- a group of similar cells
  3. Organ- different types of tissues grouped together
37
Q

Filter organisms out of the water

A

Filter feeders

38
Q

Feed on decaying plant and animal materials

A

detritus feeders

39
Q

Diffusion happens through?

A

Cell membrane, skin, lungs

40
Q

Can move but remains often in one spot

A

Sedentary

41
Q

Cnidarians have what form of symmetry?

A

Radial symmetry

42
Q

True tissues

A

Ectoderm- inside layer
Ectoderm- outside layer
Mesoglea- the jelly between the 2 tissue layers

43
Q

Cells called __________ which contain stinging structures called ____________

A

Cnidocytes, nematocysts

44
Q

The two alternating generations in Cnidarians

A

Medusa- free swimming, sexual
Polyp- sessile, asexual

45
Q

How do Medusas move?

A

They contract their bell, allowing them to move through water jet propulsion

46
Q

Toxin that causes paralysis

A

Neurotoxin

47
Q

Toxin that affects muscle tissue

A

Myotoxin

48
Q

Toxin that Causes Red blood cells to burst

A

Hemolytic toxin

49
Q

Toxin that causes tissue death

A

Necrotic toxin

50
Q

Polyps reproduce asexually through?

A

Budding

51
Q

Medusa reproduce sexually through?

A

Broadcast fertilization, sperm moves into the gastrovascular cavity where the eggs are released

52
Q

No body cavity; interior space filled with mesodermal tissue

A

Acoelomate

53
Q

A body cavity incompletely lined with mesodermal tissues

A

Pseudocoelem

54
Q

Body cavity completely lined with mesodermal tissue; mesodermal tissue forms mesentery which holds internal organs in place

A

Coelom

Biology (8 decks)

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