CN 1 + 2

Question 1

Cranial Nerve One

Answer 1

olfactory nerve

Question 2

CN I: sensory or motor?

Answer 2

sensory

Question 3

Where are olfactory neurons located?

Answer 3

olfactory epithelium lining superior part of the nasal cavity

Question 4

Myelination status of olfactory neurons

Answer 4

unmyelinated, but cover by Schwann cells

Question 5

Olfactory nerves pass through which bone to reach the olfactory bulb?

Answer 5

cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone

Question 6

Secondary sensory neurons located in the olfactory bulb

Answer 6

mitral cells

Question 7

Where are mitral cells located?

Answer 7

olfactory bulb

Question 8

Olfactory nerves enter the bulb and synapse on mitral cells. What is the name of this synapse?

Answer 8

synaptic glomerulus

Question 9

Mitral cells relay information _____(posterior or anterior) via the olfactory tract

Answer 9

posterior

Question 10

Where does the olfactory tract split into medial and lateral olfactory striae?

Answer 10

anterior perforated substance

Question 11

At the anterior perforated substance the olfactory splits into which two striae?

Answer 11

medial and lateral

Question 12

What is the path of the medial olfactory striae?

Answer 12

cross midline at the anterior commissure and travel to the opposite olfactory bulb

Question 13

Where do the lateral olfactory striae carry information?

Answer 13

primary olfactory cortex; the periamygdaloid and prepiriform area, including uncus(Bdmn 34)

Question 14

Do we segregate smell?

Answer 14

no

Question 15

Does the olfactory pathway synapse on the thalamus?

Answer 15

no

Question 16

Automatic nerve from nasal septum

Answer 16

terminal nerve

Question 17

Nerve important in tracking prey, poorly developed in humans

Answer 17

vomeronasal nerve

Question 18

Loss of smell

Answer 18

anosmia

Question 19

Cranial Nerve Two

Answer 19

optic nerve

Question 20

Sensory organ of vision

Answer 20

eyes

Question 21

Three tunics of the eye

Answer 21

1) fibrous tunic
2) vascular tunic
3) nervous tunic/retina

Question 22

What makes up the fibrous tunic?

Answer 22

sclera and cornea

Question 23

What makes up the vascular tunic?

Answer 23

ciliary body, iris, and choroid

Question 24

How many layers makes up the nervous tunic/retina?

Answer 24

10 layers

Question 25

Name the 10 layers of the nervous tunic/retina

Answer 25

1) pigmented layer 2) photosensitive outer segment 3) external limiting membrane 4) outer nuclear layer 5) outer plexiform layer 6) inner nuclear layer 7) inner plexiform layer 8) ganglion layer 9) nerve fiber layer 10) internal limiting membrane

Question 26

In which layer of the nervous tunic/retina does a detached retina occur?

Answer 26

pigmented layer

Question 27

Myelination status of the nerve fiber layer of the nervous tunic/retina

Answer 27

not myelinated

Question 28

Three types of cones

Answer 28

red, green, and blue

Question 29

In which layer of the nervous tunic/retina are the photoreceptors located?

Answer 29

outer segment

Question 30

Point of clearest vision

Answer 30

fovea centralis

Question 31

What to rod sense?

Answer 31

light and dark

Question 32

Where are no rods found?

Answer 32

fovea centralis

Question 33

Where is the greatest concentration of rods?

Answer 33

periphery of retina

Question 34

Bipolar cell bodies are found in which layer?

Answer 34

inner nuclear

Question 35

What layer is the synapse between bipolar cells and ganglion cells found?

Answer 35

inner plexiform

Question 36

Are optic nerve axons myelinated?

Answer 36

yes (part of CNS)

Question 37

What forms the myelin around the optic nerve axons?

Answer 37

interfascicular oligodendrocytes

Question 38

In the optic chiasma fibers from the ____(medial or lateral) side of each retina cross, while _____(medial or lateral) fibers do not.

Answer 38

medial; lateral

Question 39

3 nuclei of termination of the optic tract

Answer 39

1) lateral geniculate body 2) superior colliculus 3) pretectal nucleus of the midbrain

Question 40

2 muscles influenced by the tectospinal tract

Answer 40

sternocleidomastoid and trapezius

Question 41

Signs and symptoms associated with a lesion of the optic nerve

Answer 41

loss of vision in one eye and depth perception

Question 42

Signs and symptoms associated with a lesion of the decussating fibers of the optic chiasma

Answer 42

tunnel vision (loss of peripheral vision in both eyes)

Question 43

Signs and symptoms associated with a lesion of the optic tract

Answer 43

loss of 1/2 of the visual field opposite side of lesion

Question 44

4 visual reflexes

Answer 44

1) direct and consensual light reflexes 2) accommodation reflex (near/far) 3) corneal reflex (CN V+VII) 4) convergence (medially turn eyes)