CM_Internship_Summative Flashcards
When did Guarana Analysis happen?
July 19, 1998
Guarana Analysis was shown in what show and country?
Fantastico; Brazil
excessive urination
polyuria
burning upon urination
dysuria
too little urine
oliguria
Urine testing is used to/for:
- periodic examination of asymptomatic patients
- assistance in diagnosis of patients with non-specific symptoms (oliguria, polyuria, dysuria)
- non-invasive assessment of renal function
- diagnose and monitor metaboliv processes
- therapy and healing monitoring tool
color of urine depends on:
concentration
food pigments
medications and metabolites
typical color of urine comes from:
urochrome
how is urochrome formed
heme group of hemoglobin - bilirubin - urobilin - urochrome
what happens in uric acid crystals and amorphous urates upon a temperature drop after urination?
precipitation
how to differentiate amorphous urates from amorphous phosphates?
put urine in high temp. if it dissolves = urate.
color of newly discharged urine
clear
cause of cloudiness in newly discharged urine
hematuria
epithelial cells
leukocyturia
bacteria
T/F:
cloudiness may occur due to a bacteria
true.
T/F:
cloudy urine has possibly a cellular element or bacteria
TRUE
reference range: urine density
1.018 +/- 0.003
T/F:
glucose and protein may lead to erroneous urine density
true
10 g/L of protein raises density by ______.
0.003
10 g/L of glucose raises density by _______.
0.004
Urine density is used to assess ________.
hydration status
urine concentration
what hormone is lacking in diabetes insipidus
antidiuretic hormone (adh)
in diabetes insipidus, the excretion of adh is (lacking/in excess).
lacking
amount of urine a patient with diabetes insipidus excretes
5L/10L in 24 hrs
ph urine determines the kidneys’ ability to _____ the urine
acidify
reference range: urine pH
5.5-6.5
stored urine tend to have (inc./dec.) pH
increased
due to loss of CO2 and bacterial metabolism
what is the use of petroleum jelly in identifying urine pH
prevents loss of CO2, alkalization is delayed
plasma glucose value; criteria for diabetes
above 126 mg/dL
T/F:
Glucose in urine does not mean a diagnosis in diabetes mellitus
TRUE
What condition can cause glucose in urine due to loss of tubular reabsorption but shows normal plasma glucose levels
renal glycosuria
can cause false negative glucose results
ascorbic acid
ketones
can cause false positive glucose results
peroxide
chlorine
how does hydrogen peroxide appear in urine
improper use of vials
why is there loss of glucose in pregnancy
growth of abdomen can press the afferent, efferent arteriole and increase hydrostatic pressure
presence of glucose in urine due to overload of sugar consumption from food
leaking
how does leaking occur
patient passes renal threshold
causes of glycosuria
renal impairment
pregnancy
overload
medication
