CM_Internship_Summative

Question 1

When did Guarana Analysis happen?

Answer 1

July 19, 1998

Question 2

Guarana Analysis was shown in what show and country?

Answer 2

Fantastico; Brazil

Question 3

excessive urination

Answer 3

polyuria

Question 4

burning upon urination

Answer 4

dysuria

Question 5

too little urine

Answer 5

oliguria

Question 6

Urine testing is used to/for:

Answer 6

• periodic examination of asymptomatic patients
• assistance in diagnosis of patients with non-specific symptoms (oliguria, polyuria, dysuria)
• non-invasive assessment of renal function
• diagnose and monitor metaboliv processes
• therapy and healing monitoring tool

Question 7

color of urine depends on:

Answer 7

concentration
food pigments
medications and metabolites

Question 8

typical color of urine comes from:

Answer 8

urochrome

Question 9

how is urochrome formed

Answer 9

heme group of hemoglobin - bilirubin - urobilin - urochrome

Question 10

what happens in uric acid crystals and amorphous urates upon a temperature drop after urination?

Answer 10

precipitation

Question 11

how to differentiate amorphous urates from amorphous phosphates?

Answer 11

put urine in high temp. if it dissolves = urate.

Question 12

color of newly discharged urine

Answer 12

clear

Question 13

cause of cloudiness in newly discharged urine

Answer 13

hematuria
epithelial cells
leukocyturia
bacteria

Question 14

T/F:

cloudiness may occur due to a bacteria

Answer 14

true.

Question 15

T/F:

cloudy urine has possibly a cellular element or bacteria

Answer 15

TRUE

Question 16

reference range: urine density

Answer 16

1.018 +/- 0.003

Question 17

T/F:

glucose and protein may lead to erroneous urine density

Answer 17

true

Question 18

10 g/L of protein raises density by ______.

Answer 18

0.003

Question 19

10 g/L of glucose raises density by _______.

Answer 19

0.004

Question 20

Urine density is used to assess ________.

Answer 20

hydration status

urine concentration

Question 21

what hormone is lacking in diabetes insipidus

Answer 21

antidiuretic hormone (adh)

Question 22

in diabetes insipidus, the excretion of adh is (lacking/in excess).

Answer 22

lacking

Question 23

amount of urine a patient with diabetes insipidus excretes

Answer 23

5L/10L in 24 hrs

Question 24

ph urine determines the kidneys’ ability to _____ the urine

Answer 24

acidify

Question 25

reference range: urine pH

Answer 25

5.5-6.5

Question 26

stored urine tend to have (inc./dec.) pH

Answer 26

increased

due to loss of CO2 and bacterial metabolism

Question 27

what is the use of petroleum jelly in identifying urine pH

Answer 27

prevents loss of CO2, alkalization is delayed

Question 28

plasma glucose value; criteria for diabetes

Answer 28

above 126 mg/dL

Question 29

T/F:

Glucose in urine does not mean a diagnosis in diabetes mellitus

Answer 29

TRUE

Question 30

What condition can cause glucose in urine due to loss of tubular reabsorption but shows normal plasma glucose levels

Answer 30

renal glycosuria

Question 31

can cause false negative glucose results

Answer 31

ascorbic acid

ketones

Question 32

can cause false positive glucose results

Answer 32

peroxide

chlorine

Question 33

how does hydrogen peroxide appear in urine

Answer 33

improper use of vials

Question 34

why is there loss of glucose in pregnancy

Answer 34

growth of abdomen can press the afferent, efferent arteriole and increase hydrostatic pressure

Question 35

presence of glucose in urine due to overload of sugar consumption from food

Answer 35

leaking

Question 36

how does leaking occur

Answer 36

patient passes renal threshold

Question 37

causes of glycosuria

Answer 37

renal impairment
pregnancy
overload
medication