Cloud Computing Flashcards
High Availability
▪ Services experience very little downtime when using the cloud
▪ Availability is the percentage of uptime versus downtime
- Uptime vs Downtime
gold standard “ 5 nines”: 99.999% availability. (5 min 15 secs of downtime in a year)
Scalability
Ability to increase the number of items in a system at a linear rate or less than a linear rate
Vertical Scaling (Scaling Up)
Increasing the power of the existing resources in the working
environment
- Ex: increase processors, ram, bandwidth, etc
$10 = 100 users and $20 = 200 users
Horizontal Scaling (Scaling Out)
Adding additional resources to help handle the extra load being
experienced
Rapid Elasticity
- The ability to quickly scale up or down
● Elasticity is the system’s ability to handle changes to demand in
real time - Automation or orchestration
- Genrally with cloud services
Metered Utilization
- Being charged for a service (on a pay per use basis or exact amount)
- The benefit of using the cloud is that most things are done on a metered
basis - Ex: number of users, data, etc
- on monthly, yearly , weekly, etc
Measured Services
- Charging is based upon the actual usage of the service being consumed
- Measured services are charged based on the actual usage of the service being consumed
- water bill, electric bill, cell phone
hared Resources
- The ability to minimize the costs by putting VMs on other servers
- Shared resources is pooling together all the hardware to make a cloud
provider
File Synchronization
- The ability to store data that can spread to other places depending on the configuration
- Microsoft 365, google work space, iCloud.
Cloud Deployment Models
_ which one you use is based upon security needs, cost restrictions, and risk tolerance
- Cheapest Public Cloud and Multitenancy combined (increased risk)
- Public Cloud
- Private Cloud
- Hybrid Cloud
- Community Cloud
- Mutitenancy
- Single Tenancy
Public Cloud
- Most common
- Systems and users interact with devices on public networks, such as the Internet and other clouds
- Can be an inexpensive way for an organization to gain a required service both quickly and effiently
- Ex: Google drive
Private Cloud
Systems and users that only have access with other devices inside the
same private cloud or system
- organization is responsible for the design implementation, and operation of the clouds resources & servers that host them
- chosen when security is more important than a lower cost
- Ex: AWS GovCloud (US)
Hybrid Cloud
- Combination of private and public clouds
- some resources are developed and operated by thee organization itself
- can also utilize publically available resources or outsource services to another provider
- b/c of the mix strict rules should be applied for the data in each partition of this cloud (Ex: confidential information in private portion)
Community Cloud
- Collaborative effort where infrastructure is shared between several organizations from a specific community with common concerns
- resources and costs are shared between organizations with a common service need
- Challenge: each organization may have there own security controls and you must mitigate this as you combine. if you connect your network to another organizations network you are inhereting their security risks as well
Multitenancy
The ability for customers to share computing resources in a public or
private cloud
- the same resources are used by multiple organizations
- ex if shared server is experiencing an attack every organization on server will undergo attack
- data may be exposed to other solutions
Single-Tenancy
- Assigns a particular resource to a single organization
- less effienct
- more expensive need more hardward
Cloud Service Models
On-Premise Solution
- Hosting a solution on-site
- Provide all resources and equipment
- The need to procure hardware, software, and personnel necessary to run the organization’s cloud
- On-premise solution allows the ability to control all the physical and
logical access to servers - costly, needs team to manage, and needs a facility to hold data and equipment
- confidential
Hosted Solution
- Third-party service provider that provides all the hardware and facilities needed to maintain a cloud solution
- done in a multitenancy environment with multiple organization hosting on same cloud provider
- if selecting this option it is important to understand their authentication and authorization mechanism to ensure they have adequate protections to meet your requirements
- inquire redundancy and fault tolerance
storage location and location based laws
SaaS
- Software as a service
- Vendor Responsibility: Application, data, runtime, middleware, O/S, virtualization, serviers, storage, networking
PaaS
- Platform as a service
- User responsibility creating app code and handling data processing
- just b/c OS is installed does not mean it is PaaS
- On the exam: if you see things that are more than IaaS then it is PaaS
- if you see things that are less than SaaS it is Paas
- Middleware and runtime environment. (Apache web server, a MySQL database, programing languages)
- service provider will give you hardware and third-party OS software between client and servers
- Vendor responsibility: Runtime, middleware, O/S, virtualization, servers, storage, networking
- benefits of cloud (shared resources, metered service, rapid elasticity, high availability, and file synchronization
IaaS
- means of provisioning IT resources such as servers, load balancers, and storage area network components when needed- provides everything you need to run a server including power, space, cooling, network, firewalls, physical servers, virtualization layers, and sometimes the OS
- focused on the hardware only
- Responsibility: virtualization, servers, storage, networking
DaaS
- Hosted Model/ Desktop as a Service
- Maintained by a service provider and provided to the end user as a
service
Virtual Desktop Infrastructure (VDI)
- Virtual Desktop Infrastructure (VDI)
- Hosts desktop OSs within a virtualized environment hosted by a
centralized server or server farm - this is a virtualization implementation that separates the personal computing environment from the users physical computer
- limited local processing ability
Centralized Model
- Hosts all the desktop instances on a single server or server farm
Remote Virtual Desktop Model
- Copies the desktop image to a local machine prior to being used by the
end user
Cloud Storage Services
3 parts
- Cloud Storage Application
- File Synchronization
- Content Delivery Network (CDN)
Cloud Storage Application
- Amount of space on a cloud-based server as file storage
- EX: dropbox, one drive, google drive
File Synchronization
- The ability to synchronize from different devices using a single account
send data to and from all devices from the account
Content Delivery Network (CDN)
Network of servers that locates the nearest server to minimize delay or
download time
- Deifferent servers located all around the world so wherever the user is going from it finds the closest server and helps minimize delay (download time) to get those files
Software Defined Network (SDN)
- Software-Defined Networking (SDN)
- Enables the network to be intelligently and centrally controlled, or programmed, using software applications
- Can be changed automatically by the network itself using
automation and orchestration
4 layers
- Application
- Control Layer
- Infrastructure Layer
- Management Plane
Application Layer
Focuses on the communication resource requests or information about
the network as a whole
Control Layer
- it also makes dicesions on how traffic should be prioritized, how it should be secured, and where it should be forwarded to
Infrastructure Layer
- Contains the network devices that receive information about where to
move the data - then perform movements
- Used to monitor traffic conditions and the status of the network
- basically its going to allow you to oversee the network and gain insight into operations
- Provides a layer of abstraction between the devices and the
control and data flow that happen on the network
How to use the cloud
Amazon Lightsail
- get amazon account aws.amazon.com/lightsail
- dashboard
- creAT EINSTANCE
- SELETRC REIGON AND AVAILBILITY ZONE
- PICK PLATFORM LINUX/ UNIX, WINDOWS
- CHOOSE APP (PaaS) OR OS (Iaas) (Use CentOS in ex)
- other options: default
- choose plan
- then create the instance
- click linux practice
- connect using ssh
