Clostridium perfingens

Question 1

which type is most important in human? where can it be found

Answer 1

type A. found in colon and often soil

Question 2

what toxins does it produce

Answer 2

α alpha toxin
θ theta toxin
enterotoxin

Question 3

alpha toxin function

Answer 3

disrupt cellular membranes (RBC, WBC, muscle cells)

Question 4

what can alpha toxin do as a phosopholipase

Answer 4

to hydrolyze lecithin and sphingomyelin

Question 5

theta toxin function

Answer 5

alters capillary permeability and toxic to heart muscle
possess pore-forming activity

Question 6

enterotoxin

Answer 6

form pores in the enterocytes membranes and leads to a loss of cellular fluid and macromolecule

Question 7

symptoms of food poisoning

Answer 7

nausea
abdominal pain
diarrhea

Question 8

gas gangrene

Answer 8

Clostridium perfringens spore germinate, multiply and produce α
toxin
The process passes along the muscle bundles  spreading
edema and necrosis

Question 9

complications of gas gangrene

Answer 9

The disease progress, increased vascular permeability and systemic
absorption of toxin –> Shock

Question 10

Treatment of gas gangrene

Answer 10

excision of all devitalized tissues
massive dose of
penicillin
broad spectrum cephalosporins
hyperbaric oxygen
chamber (increase the tissue level of dissolved oxygen)

Question 11

preventive measures against gas gangrene

Answer 11

Surgical debridement
wound cleansing