Cloning Flashcards
What is tissue culture?
This is where a few plant cells are put in a growth medium with hormones, and they grow into new plants - clones of the parent plant. These plants can be made very quickly, in very little space, and be grown all year.
Explain the steps of embryo transplants…
Sperm cells taken from prize bull, egg cells. Sperm artificially fertilise egg cell. The embryo that develops is then split many times to form clones before any cells become specialised. Clone cells implanted grow calf genetically identical to each other.
What is adult cell cloning?
Adult cell cloning involves taking an unfertilised egg cell and removing its genetic material. A complete set of chromosomes from an adult body cell (e.g. skin cell) is inserted into the ‘empty’ egg cell. Egg cell then stimulated by an electric shock makes it divide like a normal embryo. When embryo ball of cells, implanted into an adult female surrogate mother grow into GI copy of original adult body cell.
