Clonidine Flashcards

1
Q

action

A
  • centrally acting alpha 2 agonist
  • decreased sympathetic outflow from CNS
  • Dec in BP, HR< CO
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2
Q

indication

A
  • essential hypertension
  • diagnose pheochromcytoma–dec plasma concentrations of catecholamines in nl pts, but not those with pheo
  • supresses sxs of narcotic withdrawal
  • dec MAC, fent requirement–c/w dec in sympathetic outflow
  • intrathecal when tolerance to morphine has developed
  • epidurally
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3
Q

side effect

A

-rebound hypertension–assoc with large inc in catecholamines

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4
Q

receptors affected

A
  • descending medullospinal noradrenergic pathway modulating spinal nociceptive processing
  • receptors are from dorsal horn, where they inhibit neurotransmitters like substance P
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5
Q

epidural clonidine

A
  • epidural clonidine–better, longer analgesia compared to subQ morphine
  • does not reduce sensory or motor block
  • associated with hypotension, bradycardia–inhibition of preganglionic sympathetic fibers
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6
Q

methyldopa

A
  • a2 agonist

- stimulates a2 receptors in hypothalamus–decreasing sympathetic outflow from brain

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7
Q

clonidine

A
  • stimulates a2 neurons in medullary vasomotor center

- decreases sympathetic outflow from CNS

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8
Q

Reserveres

A
  • interferes with NE reuptake into nerve terminal storage vesicles
  • depletion of NE
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9
Q

guanethidine

A
  • enters storage granules and interferes with NE release from storage vesicles
  • TCA and ephedrine block this, decreasing effectiveness of the drugs
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