CLIPP 31: 5 y/o female with puffy eyes Flashcards

1
Q

List 3 causes of conjunctivitis

A

Infection
Allergy
Chemical Irritation

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2
Q

Are children <6 more likely to have bacterial or viral conjuctivitis?

A

Bacterial

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3
Q

is bacterial or viral conjunctivitis more likely to be associated with purulent drainage/eye crusting over?

A

Bacterial

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4
Q

Most common pathogens in periorbital cellulitis?

A

Most often caused today by pneumococci, Moraxella catarrhalis, or non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae

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5
Q

4 top differential diagnosis for fatigue, periorbital edema and increased abdominal girth

A

Acute glomerulonephritis
CHF
Hepatic failure
Nephrotic syndrome

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6
Q

Periorbital edema is an early sign of what?

A

Hypoalbuminemia

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7
Q

Why are mildly enlarged tonsils normal in children aged 4-6?

A

Because peak growth of lymphoid tissue occurs at 4 to 6 years of age, and because of frequent viral upper respiratory infections in children of this age, it is very common to see mildly enlarged tonsils

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8
Q

In addition to hematuria, what is an additional common finding seen in pts with acute glomerulonephritis?

A

HTN

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9
Q

Lipid findings in hypoalbuminemia?

A

Hyperlipidemia

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10
Q

Most common nephrotic syndrome in children?

A

Minimal change disease

Accounts for >90% of children < 10

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11
Q

Management of minimal change disease?

A

Corticosteroids
Sodium restriction to 1500-2000mg/day

During edema accumulation, the patient usually excretes less than 5 mEq of sodium per day. A diet of 50 mEq per day will result in the net gain of a kilogram of body water every 3 days. Current guidelines recommend sodium restriction to a level of 1500-2000 mg daily

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12
Q

What indicates a need for a renal biopsy in someone with minimal change disease?

A

Steroid resistant patients

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13
Q

What are the 4 most common infectious complications from nephrotic syndrome?

A

Spontaneous peritonitis (usually strep pneumo)
Pneumonia
Cellulitis
Urinary Tract Infection

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14
Q

when in remission, what prophylaxis should patients with minimal change disease/nephrotic syndrome receive?

A

Polyvalent pneumococcal vaccine
Two doses of varicella vaccine (if not already immunized)
An annual influenza vaccine

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15
Q

How are compliments affected in PSGN?

A

C3 is low

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