clios notes pt2

Question 1

adopted in 1777, this was the first big framework of government for the 13 colonies

Answer 1

articles of confederation

Question 2

an uprising of farmers in massachusetts (1786-87) in response to a debt crisis and more taxes. attacked courthouses and other gov property

Answer 2

shays rebellion

Question 3

french political philosopher who came up with the idea of seperation of powers during the enlightenment

Answer 3

montesquieu

Question 4

the idea of power being divided between the central gov and state govs

Answer 4

federalism

Question 5

each branch of government can amend or veto other branchs’ decisions, so no one exerts too much power

Answer 5

checks and balances

Question 6

montesquieus idea, making 3 gov branches

Answer 6

separation of powers

Question 7

the people are the ultimate source of authority

Answer 7

popular sovereignty

Question 8

spawned from the NJ and VI plans, created a bicameral congress

Answer 8

great compromise

Question 9

under this, slaves counted as 3/5 of a person for population. also extended slavery 20yrs

Answer 9

3/5 compromise

Question 10

early political party that was worried about a monarch taking over. wanted strong state govs and bill of rights

Answer 10

antifederalists

Question 11

first 10 amendments to the constitution as a result of antifederalist complaints

Answer 11

bill of rights

Question 12

a doctrine/process where courts can determine legitimacy of executive/legislative acts

Answer 12

judicial review

Question 13

this gave people the right to exercise religion freely, that congress cant represent one, speech, press, assembly, and petition

Answer 13

first amendment

Question 14

the government cant support a specific religion

Answer 14

establishment clause

Question 15

you can practice your own religion as long as it doesnt cause issues

Answer 15

free exercise clause

Question 16

the idea that the US was destined by god to spread their ideals from sea to sea

Answer 16

manifest destiny

Question 17

7th president, strong promoter of democratic rights. dealt with SC potentially seceding

Answer 17

Andrew Jackson

Question 18

social movements that try to bring social/political issues to a common community ideal

Answer 18

reform movements

Question 19

a protestant religious revival, spread religion and sparked reform movements

Answer 19

second great awakening

Question 20

many of these were from germany or ireland at this time

Answer 20

immigrant

Question 21

religious people from europe, were discriminated against in 1800s

Answer 21

irish catholics

Question 22

unjust/prejustice treatment of different groups of people

Answer 22

discrimination

Question 23

a system of government where several states form a union, but still remain distinctly somewhat independent

Answer 23

federal

Question 24

the power of a central government to create laws, regulations, etc

Answer 24

federal authority

Question 25

powers held by smaller governments in the us, as opposed to federal office

Answer 25

state rights

Question 26

first us state that threatened to secede due to high tariffs

Answer 26

south carolina

Question 27

formally withdraw from a union

Answer 27

secede

Question 28

compromise that tried to keep the balance of free/slave states

Answer 28

missouri compromise

Question 29

five different bills including the fugitive slave act, admitting cali, etc

Answer 29

compromise of 1850

Question 30

16th president, first republican

Answer 30

abraham lincoln

Question 31

southern state organization that broke away from the union due to lincolns election

Answer 31

confederate states of america

Question 32

the president of the confederate states of america

Answer 32

jefferson davis

Question 33

location of the first civil war battle

Answer 33

fort sumter

Question 34

the years of the civil war

Answer 34

1861-65

Question 35

period following the civil war (65-77) that benefitted civil rights

Answer 35

reconstruction era

Question 36

five of these were formed to punish the southern states

Answer 36

military districts

Question 37

official abolishment of slavery

Answer 37

13th amendment

Question 38

gave african americans civil rights

Answer 38

14th amendment

Question 39

let black men vote

Answer 39

15th amendment

Question 40

agency in the early reconstruction that tried to help free slaves in the south

Answer 40

freedmens bureau

Question 41

a charge of misconduct made against a public office holder

Answer 41

impeachment

Question 42

17th president (after civil war). got impeached for breaking opposing republican laws

Answer 42

andrew johnson

Question 43

strict state segregation laws that reduced black rights

Answer 43

jim crow laws

Question 44

terrorist group at the end of the reconstruction era that enforced white rule through violence

Answer 44

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