Clinically Relevant Anatomy of the Spinal Nerves

Question 1

What are the 4 modalities carried to the body wall via spinal nerves?

Answer 1

1) Somatic Sensory
2) Motor - to muscles
3) Sympathetic - glands and smooth muscle fibres
4) Reflex functions

Question 2

Where could you test sensation to C2?

Answer 2

Back of scalp & Adam’s apple

Question 3

Where could you test sensation to C3?

Answer 3

Back of neck & jugular notch

Question 4

Where could you test sensation to C4?

Answer 4

Clavicle & tip of shoulder

Question 5

Where could you test sensation to C5?

Answer 5

Axillary “badge patch”

Question 6

Where could you test sensation to C6?

Answer 6

Thumb

Question 7

Where could you test sensation to C7?

Answer 7

Middle finger

Question 8

Where could you test sensation to C8?

Answer 8

Little finger

Question 9

Where could you test sensation to T1?

Answer 9

Medial forearm

Question 10

Where could you test sensation to T2?

Answer 10

Medial arm & sternal angle

Question 11

Where could you test sensation to T4?

Answer 11

Male nipple

Question 12

Where could you test sensation to T10?

Answer 12

Umbilicus

Question 13

Where could you test sensation to T12?

Answer 13

Pubic Symphysis

Question 14

Which dermatomes can experience referred pain from he diaphragm?

Answer 14

C3, C4, C5

Question 15

Where could you test sensation to L1?

Answer 15

Groin

Question 16

Where could you test sensation to L2?

Answer 16

Anterior thing

Question 17

Where could you test sensation to L3?

Answer 17

Anterior knee

Question 18

Where could you test sensation to L4?

Answer 18

Medial malleolus

Question 19

Where could you test sensation to L5?

Answer 19

Dorsum of foot

Question 20

Where could you test sensation to S1?

Answer 20

Heel

Question 21

Where could you test sensation to S2?

Answer 21

Posterior knee

Question 22

Where could you test sensation to S3?

Answer 22

Posterior buttock

Question 23

Where could you test sensation to S4?

Answer 23

Perineum

Question 24

Where could you test sensation to S5?

Answer 24

Perianal skin

Question 25

What constitutes a ‘named nerve’?

Answer 25

A nerve containing axons originating from one or more spinal cord levels supplying a particular area (e.g. Musculocutaneous Nerve)

Question 26

Which nerves form the cervical plexus?

Answer 26

C1-C4 anterior rami

Question 27

What are the named nerves that arise from the cervical plexus?

Answer 27

1) Lesser Occipital Nerve
2) Greater Auricular Nerve
3) Transverse Cervical Nerve
4) Supraclavicular Nerve

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Question 28

What areas of skin do the named nerves of the cervical plexus supply?

Answer 28

Lesser occipital - posterior to external ear
Greater auricular - angle of the mandible
Transverse cervical - anterior neck
Supraclavicular - clavicle and shoulder tip

Question 29

What is the nerve supply to the posterior neck and scalp skin?

Answer 29

Posterior rami of C2-C8

Question 30

The anterior rami of which spinal nerves are not involved in plexus formation?

Answer 30

T2-T12

Question 31

The anterior rami of which spinal nerves become known as ‘intercostal nerves’?

Answer 31

T2-T11

Question 32

The anterior rami of which spinal nerve is known as the ‘subcostal nerve’?

Answer 32

T12

Question 33

As the L1 anterior ramus bifurcates, it forms 2 nerves which supply the lower anterolateral trunk wall - what are their names?

Answer 33

Iliohypogastric Nerve

Ilioinguinal Nerve

Question 34

What supplies the posterior segments of the back dermatomes?

Answer 34

Posterior rami

Question 35

What are the named nerves of the upper limb?

Answer 35

1) Axillary nerve
2) Musculocutaneous Nerve
3) Radial Nerve
4) Median Nerve
5) Ulnar nerve

Question 36

What are the named nerves of the lower limb?

Answer 36

1) Genitofemoral Nerve
2) Lateral Cutaneous Nerve of the Thigh
3) Posterior Cutaneous Nerve of the Thigh
4) Obturator Nerve
5) Femoral Nerve
6) Saphenous Nerve
7) Sural Nerve
8) Superficial Fibular Nerve
9) Deep Fibular Nerve
10) Tibial Nerve

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Question 37

Which muscles are supplied by the cervical plexus?

Answer 37

Neck postural, strap muscles & diaphragm

Question 38

What muscles are supplied by the brachial plexus?

Answer 38

Upper limb muscles, extrinsic back muscles

Question 39

Which muscles are supplied by the lumbosacral plexus?

Answer 39

Lower limb muscles, perineal skeletal muscles

Question 40

Which nerves form the brachial plexus?

Answer 40

C5-T1

Question 41

Which nerves form the lumbosacral plexus?

Answer 41

L1-S4