Clinically Relevant Anatomy of the Spinal Nerves Flashcards
What are the 4 modalities carried to the body wall via spinal nerves?
1) Somatic Sensory
2) Motor - to muscles
3) Sympathetic - glands and smooth muscle fibres
4) Reflex functions
Where could you test sensation to C2?
Back of scalp & Adam’s apple
Where could you test sensation to C3?
Back of neck & jugular notch
Where could you test sensation to C4?
Clavicle & tip of shoulder
Where could you test sensation to C5?
Axillary “badge patch”
Where could you test sensation to C6?
Thumb
Where could you test sensation to C7?
Middle finger
Where could you test sensation to C8?
Little finger
Where could you test sensation to T1?
Medial forearm
Where could you test sensation to T2?
Medial arm & sternal angle
Where could you test sensation to T4?
Male nipple
Where could you test sensation to T10?
Umbilicus
Where could you test sensation to T12?
Pubic Symphysis
Which dermatomes can experience referred pain from he diaphragm?
C3, C4, C5
Where could you test sensation to L1?
Groin
Where could you test sensation to L2?
Anterior thing
Where could you test sensation to L3?
Anterior knee
Where could you test sensation to L4?
Medial malleolus
Where could you test sensation to L5?
Dorsum of foot
Where could you test sensation to S1?
Heel
Where could you test sensation to S2?
Posterior knee
Where could you test sensation to S3?
Posterior buttock
Where could you test sensation to S4?
Perineum
Where could you test sensation to S5?
Perianal skin
What constitutes a ‘named nerve’?
A nerve containing axons originating from one or more spinal cord levels supplying a particular area (e.g. Musculocutaneous Nerve)
Which nerves form the cervical plexus?
C1-C4 anterior rami
What are the named nerves that arise from the cervical plexus?
1) Lesser Occipital Nerve
2) Greater Auricular Nerve
3) Transverse Cervical Nerve
4) Supraclavicular Nerve
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What areas of skin do the named nerves of the cervical plexus supply?
Lesser occipital - posterior to external ear
Greater auricular - angle of the mandible
Transverse cervical - anterior neck
Supraclavicular - clavicle and shoulder tip
What is the nerve supply to the posterior neck and scalp skin?
Posterior rami of C2-C8
The anterior rami of which spinal nerves are not involved in plexus formation?
T2-T12
The anterior rami of which spinal nerves become known as ‘intercostal nerves’?
T2-T11
The anterior rami of which spinal nerve is known as the ‘subcostal nerve’?
T12
As the L1 anterior ramus bifurcates, it forms 2 nerves which supply the lower anterolateral trunk wall - what are their names?
Iliohypogastric Nerve
Ilioinguinal Nerve
What supplies the posterior segments of the back dermatomes?
Posterior rami
What are the named nerves of the upper limb?
1) Axillary nerve
2) Musculocutaneous Nerve
3) Radial Nerve
4) Median Nerve
5) Ulnar nerve
What are the named nerves of the lower limb?
1) Genitofemoral Nerve
2) Lateral Cutaneous Nerve of the Thigh
3) Posterior Cutaneous Nerve of the Thigh
4) Obturator Nerve
5) Femoral Nerve
6) Saphenous Nerve
7) Sural Nerve
8) Superficial Fibular Nerve
9) Deep Fibular Nerve
10) Tibial Nerve
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Which muscles are supplied by the cervical plexus?
Neck postural, strap muscles & diaphragm
What muscles are supplied by the brachial plexus?
Upper limb muscles, extrinsic back muscles
Which muscles are supplied by the lumbosacral plexus?
Lower limb muscles, perineal skeletal muscles
Which nerves form the brachial plexus?
C5-T1
Which nerves form the lumbosacral plexus?
L1-S4
