Clinically Relevant Anatomy of Intracranial SOL & Head Trauma

Question 1

Which 3 components must be balanced to ensure intracranial pressure stays constant?

Answer 1

Blood
Brain
CSF

Question 2

What are the 5 layers of the scalp?

Answer 2

S - Skin
C - Connective tissue
A - Aponeurosis
L - Loose connective tissue
P - Pericranium

Question 3

Which layer contains the anastomotic network?

Answer 3

Superficial Connective Tissue

Question 4

What is the thinnest part of the skull?

Answer 4

Pterion

Question 5

Which bones meet to form the H-shaped pterion?

Answer 5

Frontal, parietal, temporal and sphenoid

Question 6

Which artery runs directly underneath he pterion?

Answer 6

Middle Meningeal Artery

Question 7

What is the sensory supply to the dura mater?

Answer 7

CN V

Question 8

What is the purpose of an arachnoid granulation?

Answer 8

Resorption of CSF

Question 9

What is the name for the part of the dura forming a roof over the pituitary fossa?

Answer 9

Diaphragm Sellae

Question 10

What is the name for the sheet of dura mater passing over the cerebellum?

Answer 10

Tentorium Cerebelli

Question 11

What is the name of the sheet of dura that runs between the two cerebral hemispheres?

Answer 11

Falx Cerebri

Question 12

What does the falx cerebri attach to superiorly?

Answer 12

Internal aspect of sagittal suture.

Question 13

What does the falx cerebri attach to anteriorly?

Answer 13

Crista Galli of ethmoid bone.

Question 14

What does the falx cerebri attach to posteriorly?

Answer 14

Occipital protuberance of occipital bone

Question 15

How does blood leave the brain?

Answer 15

Meets at confluence of sinuses > sigmoid sinus > internal jugular vein

Question 16

What are the two main arteries supplying the brain?

Answer 16

Vertebral artery & internal carotid artery

Question 17

What do the right and left vertebral arteries converge to form?

Answer 17

Basilar artery.

Question 18

What is the name for the arterial anastomosis at the base of the brain?

Answer 18

Circle of Willis

Question 19

What are the appropriate area for lumbar puncture?

Answer 19

L3/L4

Question 20

Which structure connects the 3rd and 4th ventricles of the brain?

Answer 20

Cerebral Aqueduct

Question 21

Which structure in the lateral and third ventricles produces CSF?

Answer 21

Choroid Plexus

Question 22

What is between the lateral ventricles and the third ventricle?

Answer 22

Foraminae of Munro (right and left)

Question 23

What causes an extra-dural haemorrhage?

Answer 23

Ruptured (middle) meningeal artery

Question 24

What causes a subdural haemorrhage?

Answer 24

Torn cerebral veins

Question 25

What causes a subarachnoid haemorrhage?

Answer 25

Ruptured Circle of Willis or Berry aneurysm

Question 26

Under which circumstances should you NOT perform a lumbar puncture?

Answer 26

Raised Intracranial Pressure