Clinical Syndromes Flashcards
Defn: Rupture of biceps brachii long head
Complete tear of the tendon of the biceps brachii long head
Q: What are the 2 most common sites of a biceps brachii long head tear?
- Supraglenoid tubercle
- Proximal intertubercular groove
Content: 4 MOI for biceps brachii long head tear
- Wear and tear
- Sudden, forceful contraction
- Repetition, overhead movements
- Preexisting shoulder problems
Q: For biceps brachii long head tear’s MOI, what falls under “preexisitng shoulder problems?” (4)
- Chronic impingement
- Tendinitis
- SLAP tears
- Rotator cuff tears
Content: Signs & Symptoms for biceps brachii long head tear (4)
- “Popping”
- Tenderness w/palpation over anterior shoulder
- Popeye sign
- Positive Speed’s Test
Q: What is the typical treatment plan for young/athletic pts. (who need max supination strength) after a biceps brachii long head tear?
Surgery
Q: What is the typical treatment plan for older pts. after a biceps brachii long head tear?
Avoid operation
Q: Describe debridment (sx option for rupture of biceps brachii - long head)
Treatment for fraying of small amounts of the tendon
Q: Who typically undergoes debridment with tenodesis?
Young pt./athlete who has 50% or greater fraying of the tendon
Q: Describe debridment with subacromial decompression (sx option for rupture of biceps brachii - long head)
Treatment for fraying of the tendon along with associated rotator cuff and biceps tendon impingement
Content: Modalities for biceps brachii long head rupture (2)
- Ice
- E-stim
Content: Immobilization (1-2 wks) > gentle PROM/AROM > RC resistive strengthening (2-4 wks) > throwing program (after 6-8 wks) > Return to all overhead motions (3-4 mo)
TherEx progression for biceps brachii long head rupture
Defn: Snapping scapula
Abnormal articulation of the scapulothoracic joint causing a grinding or snapping sensation of the scapula
Content: 3 MOI for snapping scapula
- Repetitive overhead use
- Muscular imbalance
- Bony abnormalities
Q: What muscular imbalances can cause snapping scapula?
Serratus anterior or subscapularis
Content: Signs & symptoms of snapping scapula (3)
- Crepitus of the scapula
- Reproduction of symptoms with shoulder abduction
- Alleviation of symptoms with adduction (HAC)
Content: TherEx for Snapping Scapula (2)
- Muscle Training (strength/endurance/stretch)
- Postural training (min kyphosis)
Q: What muscles should you focus on stretching for postural training of snapping scapula?
- Upper trap
- Pectoralis
Content: Modalities for snapping scapula (3)
- Ice
- Heat
- Ultrasound
Defn: AC joint separation
An injury that occurs to the ligaments involved in the AC joint that causes separation of the acromion and clavicle
Q: How many types of AC joint separation classifications are there?
6
Term: Sprain of AC ligaments
AC separation type 1
Term:
- AC ligament disrupted
- Sprained coracoclavicular
AC separation type 2
Term:
- AC ligament disrupted
- Dislocated w/shoulder complex displaced inferiorly,
- Coracoclavicular ligament disrupted with increased interspace
- Deltoid and trapezoid usually detached from distal end of clavicle
AC separation type 3
Term:
- AC and coracoclavicular ligaments completely disrupted
- AC joint dislocated
- Clavicle displaced posteriorly into or through the trap
- Deltoid and trap detached
AC separation type 4
Term:
- AC and coracoclavicular ligaments completely disrupted
- AC joint dislocated w/gross disparity between the clavicle and scapula
- Deltoid and trap detached
AC separation type 5
Term:
- AC and coracoclavicular ligaments completely disrupted
- AC joint dislocated
- Clavicle displaced inferiorly to the coracoid process
AC separation type 6
Content: What are the signs and symptoms of a type 1 AC joint separation? (3)
- Tenderness with mild pain at joint
- Pain with resisted adduction
- Normal x-ray
Q: What is the MOI for AC separation?
Fall on shoulder with arm ADD is most common
Content: TherEx for type 1 and 2 AC joint separation in the 1) acute 2) subacute and 3) Chronic
- Rest, gentle ROM
- Isometric, CC exercises
- Isotonic, OC exercises, task specific
Q: What TherEx plan would you follow if you are going the conservative route for a Type 3 AC joint separation?
Follow the Type 1 and 2 exercise progression
Q: What TherEx plan would you follow if you are going the surgical route for a Type 3 AC joint separation?
Follow the Type 4 and 5 exercise progression
Content: TherEx for type 4 and 5 AC joint separation in the 1) acute 2) subacute and 3) Chronic
- Immobilization; no shld exercise
- Gain pain free ROM
- Progress to strength
Content: Modalities for AC joint separation in 1) acute 2) subacute and 3) chronic phases
- Ice, NSAIDs, analgesics
- Ice and ultrasound
- Ice and/or head as needed
Defn: Scapulocostal syndrome
Adhesive myocapsulitis (formation of adhesions) that restrict motion and cause pain
Q: What is the MOI for scpaulocostal syndrome? (4)
- Trauma
- Poor posture
- Prolonged immobilization
- Repetitive Activites
Q: What activities can increase your risk for scapulocostal syndrome? (3)
- Desk jobs
- Prolonged sitting
- Overhead activities
Q: What muscles are most commonly involved in scapulocostal syndrome? (3)
- Levator scapula
- Serratus anterior and posterior
- Rhomboids
Content: Signs and symptoms of scapulocostal syndrome (3)
- Pain of medial border of scap and underliying rib cage
- Radiating pain
- Scapula and thoracic cage move together
Q: What is the 3rd most common fracture in the elderly?
Humeral head fracture (1 = hip; 2 = distal radius)
Q: How are humeral head fractures classified according to Neer?
There are 4 types based on how many pieces the humerus is broken into (1, 2, 3, and 4 part)
Q: What is the MOI for a humeral head fractures in young individuals?
High energy trauma i.e. MVA or sports injuries