Clinical Skills Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the temporal pulse?

A

Above and towards outside of eyes

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2
Q

Where is the carotid pulse?

A

Side of neck

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3
Q

Where is the brachial pulse?

A

Inner side of biceps

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4
Q

Where is the radial pulse?

A

Inner rist under line of thumb

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5
Q

Where is the femoral pulse?

A

Near pelvic bone

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6
Q

Where is the popliteal pulse?

A

Behind knee

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7
Q

Where is the posterior tibial pulse?

A

Lower limb

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8
Q

Where is the dorsalis pedis pulse?

A

Over the instep of the foot

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9
Q

What is the normal female, non-pregnant heart rate?

A

65-85 bpm

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10
Q

What is tachycardia and what is the rate?

A

Abnormally rapid heart and pulse, typically over 100 bpm

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11
Q

What is bradycardia and what is the rate?

A

Abnormally slow heart and pulse rate, typically below 50-60bpm

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12
Q

In pregnancy maternal heart rate increases. When? and by how much?

A

by 32 weeks gestation it is increased by 10-20 ppm. Returns to pre-pregnancy rate by term

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13
Q

Define ‘rate’

A

at what speed the heart is beating (bpm)

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14
Q

Define ‘rhythm’

A

assessing the pattern of pulsations and the pauses between them provides information about the heart rhythm - ‘regular’, ‘regularly irregular’, ‘irregularly irregular’

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15
Q

Define ‘amplitude’

A

a reflection of pulse strength and the elasticity of the arterial wall. It is a description of how the pulse feels - ‘weak’, ‘faint’, ‘strong’ or ‘bounding’

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16
Q

Factors influencing increased heart rate

A

emotion, infection, shock, pain, exercise, pregnancy and labour

17
Q

Factors influencing decreased heart rate

A

rest, injury, age, fitness

18
Q

Define blood pressure

A

The force exerted by the blood on the blood vessel walls

19
Q

Blood pressure varies within different blood vessels. Highest in those close to the heart. True or False?

A

True

20
Q

What is the systolic rate of blood pressure?

A
  • The pressure exerted on blood vessel walls following ventricular systole
  • The arteries contain the most blood at this time
  • Time of maximum pressure
21
Q

What is the diastolic rate of blood pressure?

A
  • The pressure exerted on blood walls following ventricular diastole
  • The artery contain the least blood at this time
  • Time of least pressure
22
Q

What is the normal value of blood pressure in a healthy human?

A

100-120/60-80 mmHg

23
Q

Factors affecting blood pressure..

A

blood volume, heart rate, disease, pain, weight, talking, alcohol, smoking, diet, stress, exercise, full bladder, season, pregnanyc

24
Q

What is the normal respiratory rate?

A

12-18 per minute

25
Q

Define tachypnoea

A

Increased respiration rate above 20 per min

26
Q

Define bradypnoea

A

Decreased respiration rate below 12 per min

27
Q

Define dysponea

A

Difficulty breathing