Clinical Sciences Flashcards

1
Q

Macrophage activation syndrome

A
  • severe, potentially life-threatening, complication of several chronic rheumatological diseases
  • high ferritin, cytopaenias, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypofibrinogenaemia
  • Interferon I3
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Difference between Marfans and homocysteineuria

A

Prescence of learning difficulties indicates homocystieneuria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Mitochondrial inherrited diseases

A

Leber’s optic atrophy
symptoms typically develop at around the age of 30 years
central scotoma → loss of colour vision → rapid onset of significant visual impairment
MELAS syndrome: mitochondrial encephalomyopathy lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes
MERRF syndrome: myoclonus epilepsy with ragged-red fibres
Kearns-Sayre syndrome: onset in patients < 20 years old, external ophthalmoplegia, retinitis pigmentosa. Ptosis may be seen
sensorineural hearing loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Turner’s syndrome features

A

hort stature, ovarian agenesis, melanocytic naevi, left-sided cardiac abnormalities, webbed neck and multiple other structural abnormalities.

The majority of women with Turner’s have normal intelligence.

Blue sclera can be present in Turner’s however it is rare

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the primary mechanism whereby Vitamin D increases calciu,

A

Increases Ca re-absorbtion in the small intenstine (duodenum) via Vit D dependent recoptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Dermatitis herpatiformis associated with which HLA?

A

HLA- DR3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Homocysteinuria features

A

Marfanoid body habitus
DVTs
Downward dislocation of lens
Learning difficulties
Atherosclerosis/TIA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Complement associated with SLE

A

C1, C2, C4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

which cell surface protein does the Ebstein-Barr virus bind to

A

CD21

(21 yos kissing -> EBV of 21: too old for epstein)
To drink at a Barr (in the USA) you need to be 21 years old

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Interleukins in sepsis - which one causes hypotension (1) and which causes fever (2)

A

1 - IL 1
2 - IL 6 and IL 1

interleukins = Hot T-bone stEAk
IL1 - fever
IL2 - T cell stimulator
IL3 - Bone marrow stimulator
IL4 - IgE class switching from IgG, B cell growth
IL5 - IgA, eosinophilia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

% of values lie within 1 SD of the mean

A

68.3%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

% of values lie within 2 SD of the mean

A

95.4%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly