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Year 1 - HLB Core Drugs > Clinical Respiratory Management Guidelines > Flashcards

Clinical Respiratory Management Guidelines Flashcards

1
Q

When treating patients with asthma or COPD is it preferential to increase a dosage of a specific drug or add another drug to the patients medication?

A
  • add another drug
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2
Q

What are the combination therapy options for continued management of a patient that are are commonly used from the following:

  • Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS)
  • Short Acting Beta 2 agonists (SABA)
  • Long Acting Beta 2 agonists (LABA)
  • Short Acting Muscarinic antagonists (SAMA)
  • Long Acting Muscarinic agonists (LAMA)
A
  • ICS + LABA
  • LABA + LAMA
  • ICS + LABA + LAMA
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3
Q

In addition to treating a patients respiratory symptoms , what is another key effect of medication?

A
  • improved quality of life
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4
Q

What are the 3 common antibiotics given to patients with suspected respiratory infections?

A
  • amoxicillin
  • clarithromycin
  • vancomycin (MRSA)
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5
Q

If a patient has Streptococcus pneumonia, which antibiotic should be prescribed?

A
  • amoxicillin (bacterial wall target)

- clarithromycin (ribosome target)

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6
Q

The NHS provides advice to patients when treating asthma based on the British Thoracic Society (BTS) and Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN). What are the 3 basic things patients with asthma are instructed to do to manage their symptoms?

A

1 - smoking cessation
2 - remove allergens
3 - inhaler

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7
Q

What treatments are given to patients in the form of a preventer to treat asthma on a day to day basis?

A
  • inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) is first line of treatment

- LABA with ICS if symptomatic

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8
Q

What treatments are given to patients in the form of a reliever to treat asthma during an exacerbation?

A
  • SABA
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9
Q

According to the stepwise guide to asthma management, what is the first line of treatment for a patient with asthma?

A
  • inhaled corticosteroids (ICS)
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10
Q

According to the stepwise guide to asthma management, if a patient controls their asthma symptoms well, what could you consider doing the dose of their medication?

A
  • reduce the dosage
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11
Q

Why is a personalised action plan for asthma important?

A
  • ⬆️ adherence and control
  • ⬇️ A&E attendance
  • ⬇️ GP contact time
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12
Q

If a patient with an acute asthma exacerbation attends A&E, one of the first things to detect is SaO2. How is this monitored and what would we want to keep this above?

A
  • pulse oximetry

- >92%

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13
Q

If a patient with an acute asthma exacerbation attends A&E and they are at risk of type 1 respiratory failure with an SaO2 <92% detected by pulse oximetry, what would be the next 2 tests to perform?

A
  • Arterial blood gas

- Chest X-ray

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14
Q

If a patient with an acute asthma exacerbation attends A&E and they are at risk of type 1 respiratory failure with an SaO2 <92% detected by pulse oximetry, what beta or muscarinic drugs might be prescribed?

A
  • high dose SABA + SAMA (nebuliser)
  • SABA = salbutamol
  • SAMA = ipratropium bromide
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15
Q

In a patient with COPD, what is the most important thing to discuss with a patient to help alleviate their symptoms?

A
  • smoking cessation
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16
Q

In a patient with COPD, smoking cessation is crucial. In addition, if they are hypoxic what treatment should they be prescribed?

A
  • long term O2 therapy
17
Q

If a patient with an acute asthma exacerbation attends A&E and they are at risk of type 1 respiratory failure with an SaO2 <92% detected by pulse oximetry, which steroid would be administered, and how would it be administered?

A
  • steroid via intravenous

- prednisone

18
Q

If a patient with an acute asthma exacerbation attends A&E and they are at risk of type 1 respiratory failure with an SaO2 <92% detected by pulse oximetry, what salt can be administered in severe asthma flair ups?

A
  • magnesium sulphate
19
Q

If a patient with an acute asthma exacerbation attends A&E and they are at risk of type 1 respiratory failure with an SaO2 <92% detected by pulse oximetry, what may need to be administered if the patient has an infection??

A
  • antibiotic
  • amoxicillin
  • clarithromycin
  • vancomyosin
20
Q

If a patient with an acute asthma exacerbation attends A&E and they are at risk of type 1 respiratory failure with an SaO2 <92% detected by pulse oximetry, what other drug that is able to cause bronchodilation can be prescribed?

A
  • methylxanthines

Year 1 - HLB Core Drugs (21 decks)

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