Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Year 1 - HLB Core Drugs > Calcium Channel Blockers > Flashcards

Calcium Channel Blockers Flashcards

1
Q

What are calcium channel blockers?

A
  • drugs that block Ca2+ entering a muscle cell
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 2 main groups of calcium channel blockers?

A

1 - dihydopyridines (mainly blood vessel dilation)

2 - non-dihydopyridines (mainly effects on heart)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the most commonly prescribed calcium channel blocker in the UK, that is a dihydopyridine?

A
  • Amlodipine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are 2 other drugs that are classed as non-dihydopyridines that can be prescribed as calcium channel blockers?

A
  • Diltiazem - Verapamil
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Generally out of the 2 groups of calcium channel blockers, which drugs work almost entirely on the smooth muscle and is used to treat hypertension?

A
  • drug class = dihydopyridines
  • drug name = amlodipine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Generally out of the 2 groups of calcium channel blockers, which drugs were almost entirely on the heart?

A
  • drug class = non-dihydopyridines
  • drug name = Diltiazem and Verapamil
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Out of the 3 calcium channel blocker drugs that we need to know (Diltiazem, Verapamil and Amlodipine) which one is able to act on the heart and the smooth muscles?

A
  • drug class = non-dihydopyridines
  • drug name = Diltiazem
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are L-type calcium channels?

A
  • L means long lasting
  • responsible for the excitation-contraction coupling
  • located in all muscle cells
  • located in endocrine cells of adrenal cortex (involved in aldosterone release)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How do L-type Ca2+ channels in cardiac and smooth muscle become activated?

A
  • cells receive action potential
  • Na+ channel opens
  • T-type Ca2+ channel opens
  • Na+ and Ca2+ from T-type Ca2+ channels ⬆️ voltage
  • L-type Ca2+ channel opens causing action potential
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Amlodipine?

A
  • non competitive antagonist
  • binds to L-type Ca2+ channels
  • ⬇️ Ca2+ in cells and inhibit vasoconstriction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What effects can Ca2+ channel blockers have on the cardiovascular system?

A
  • ⬇️ SA node activity = ⬇️ HR
  • ⬇️ cardiomyocyte Ca2+ = ⬇️ inotrope force
  • ⬇️ smooth muscle Ca2+ = ⬇️ vasoconstriction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Out of the 3 calcium channel blocker drugs that we need to know (Diltiazem, Verapamil and Amlodipine) which one would be used to treat angina?

A
  • drug class = non-dihydopyridines
  • drug name = Diltiazem
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Out of the 3 calcium channel blocker drugs that we need to know (Diltiazem, Verapamil and Amlodipine) which one would be used to treat arrhythmia’s?

A
  • drug class = non-dihydopyridines
  • drug name = Verapamil
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

In addition to treating hypertension, what other syndrome can Amlodipine be used to treat?

A
  • Raynauds syndrome
  • causes severe vasoconstriction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the most common side effect to Ca2+ channel blockers?

A
  • ankle swelling
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

In addition to causing ankle swelling, why would Ca2+ channel blockers cause constipation?

A
  • smooth muscle causes peristaltic contractions
  • Ca2+ channel blockers inhibit GIT contractions
  • stool does not move
17
Q

Ca2+ channel blockers can cause postural hypotension in older patients, which in turn causes tachycardia reflex, commonly known as palpitations. What is tachycardia reflex?

A
  • ⬇️ in BP causes ⬆️ in adrenalin
  • ⬆️ in HR follows to compensate and maintain CO
18
Q

How can Ca2+ channel blockers cause flushing and headaches as a side effect?

A
  • dilating skin and brain blood vessels
19
Q

What do all forms of dihydopyridines, a class of Ca2+ channel blockers end in to help remember them?

A
  • pine
20
Q

Dihydopyridines and non-dihydopyridines are both Ca2+ channel blockers, but generally work through different mechanisms. How can you remember that Dihydopyridines primarily work on dilating the blood vessels?

A
  • Dihydopyridines start with a D
  • D for Dilation of blood vessels
21
Q

Dihydopyridines and non-dihydopyridines are both Ca2+ channel blockers, but generally work through different mechanisms. How can you remember that Non-Dihydopyridines primarily work on the heart?

A
  • N D is for Non-Dihydopyridines
  • N-D for Node supression in heart (small effect on blood vessels)
22
Q

When looking at Ca2+ channel blockers that we need to know Diltizam, Amolodapine and Verapamil, which would you prescribe for angina?

A
  • Diltizam
23
Q

When looking at Ca2+ channel blockers that we need to know Diltizam, Amolodapine and Verapamil, which would you prescribe for arrythmias?

A
  • verapamil
24
Q

When looking at Ca2+ channel blockers that we need to know Diltizam, Amolodapine and Verapamil, which would you prescribe for high BP?

A
  • amolodapine

Year 1 - HLB Core Drugs (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions