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Clinical Relevant Anatomy of Spinal Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

What are somatic general sensory symptoms?

A
  • pain (neuralgia)
  • pins & needles (paraesthesia)
  • numbness (anaesthesia)
  • sensitivity (hyperaesthesia)
  • thermal (hot or cold)
  • loss of co-ordination/balance/clumsiness (e.g. ataxia)
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2
Q

What are somatic motor neural symptoms?

A
  • muscle stiffness, tightness or spasm (cramp)
  • muscle floppiness or looseness (reduce tone or hypotonia)
  • muscular weakness (reduced power)
  • loss of co-ordination/balance/clumsiness (e.g. ataxia)
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3
Q

What is general somatic sensation?

A
  • touch
  • temperature
  • proprioception
  • vibration
  • pain
  • in body wall
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4
Q

What is general somatic motor?

A

Supply skeletal muscles

In body wall

For locomotion

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5
Q

What is sympathetic motor

A

Autonomic control

Smooth muscle

In vessel and hair follicles

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6
Q

What are spinal reflexes?

A

Circuit of sensory (afferent) and motor (efferent) nerve fibres

For protective function

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7
Q

What does dermatomal testing allow you to check the integrity of?

A

Dorsal rootlets (sensory only)

Dorsal root (sensory only)

Spinal nerve (sensory and motor)

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8
Q

Lower anterolateral trunk wall is supplied by which named nerves?

A

Iliohypogastric & Ilioinguinal nerves

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9
Q

The upper anterolateral trunk wall is supplied by which named nerves?

A

Intercostal nerve

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10
Q

What does the subcostal nerve supply?

A

T12 segment- anterior ramus of T12 spinal nerve

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11
Q

What are the nerve roots of the femoral nerve?

A

L2, L3 & L4

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12
Q

What are the spinal cord segments of the femoral nerve?

A

L2, L3 & L4

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13
Q

What are the nerve roots of the axiliary nerve?

A

C5, 6

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14
Q

What are the nerve roots of the cutaenous branch of the musculocutaenous nerve?

A

C5, C6 [C7]

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15
Q

What supplies the anatomical snuff box?

A

Cutaeneous branch of the radial nerve

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16
Q

What are the nerve roots of the median nerve?

A

[C5], C6, C7, C8, T1

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17
Q

What are the nerve roots of the supraclavicular nerve?

A

C3, C4

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18
Q

what dermatome may referred pain from the myocardium present in?

A

T1 & T2

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19
Q

What is the nerve roots of the ulnar nerve?

A

(C7), C8, T1

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20
Q

What are the nerve roots of the radial nerve?

A

[C5], C6, C7, C8 [T1]

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21
Q

What is the nerve root of the subcostal nerve?

A

T12

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22
Q

What are the nerve roots of the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh?

A

L2, 3

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23
Q

What is the nerve root of the deep fibular nerve?

A

L5

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24
Q

What is the nerve root of the superficial fibular nerve?

A

L4, L5, S1

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25
Q

What is the nerve root of the saphenous nerve?

A

from femoral (L3, L4)

26
Q

What is the nerve root of the femoral nerve?

A

L2, L3, L4

27
Q

What is the nerve root of the obturator nerve?

A

L2, L3, L4

28
Q

What is the nerve root of the ilioinguinal nerve?

29
Q

What is the nerve root of the femoral branch of the genitofemoral nerve?

30
Q

What is the nerve root of the tibial nerve?

A

L4, L5, S1, S2, S3

31
Q

What does the tibial nerve give rise to?

A

Calcaneal nerves

Medial and lateral plantar nerves

32
Q

What is the nerve root of the sural nerve?

A

From tibial and common fibular

S1, S2

33
Q

What is the nerve root of the posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh?

A

S1, S2, S3

34
Q

What is the nerve root of the iliohypogastric nerve?

35
Q
  1. Stimulation of femoral nerve
  2. AP generated by receptors
  3. AP continues along axons weaving through the ______ plexus
  4. AP continues to ______ ____
  5. AP continues to _____ ____
  6. AP continues along axons to ______ ____
  7. AP continues along axons to _______ ________
  8. AP continues into the _______ ____ of ______ ____
A
  1. Stimulation of femoral nerve
  2. AP generated by receptors
  3. AP continues along axons weaving through the lumbar plexus
  4. AP continues to anterior rami
  5. AP continues to spinal nerve
  6. AP continues along axons to posterior root
  7. AP continues along axons to posterior rootlets
  8. AP continues into the posterior horn of spinal cord
36
Q

Which muscles are supplied by the motor axons through the cervical plexus?

A

Neck postural & strap muscles

Diaphragm

37
Q

Which muscles are supplied by axons through the brachial plexus?

A

Muscles of the upper limb

Extrinsic back muscles that move the upper limb or scapula

38
Q

Which muscles are supplied by T2-L3 motor axons?

A

Postural back muscles (posterior rami)

Intercostal muscles (anterior rami)

Anterolateral abdominal wall muscles (via thoracoabdominal, subcostal, iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerve)

39
Q

What muscles are supplied by lumbosacral plexus?

A

Muscles of the lower limb
perineal skeletal muscles

40
Q

What nerve roots is the cervical plexus?

41
Q

What nerve roots is the brachial plexus?

42
Q

What nerve roots is the lumbosacral plexus?

43
Q

How would you test the myotome: C5

A

Shoulder abduction- deltoid

44
Q

How would you test the myotome: C6

A

Elbow flexion- biceps brachii

45
Q

How would you test the myotome: C7

A

Elbow extension- triceps brachii

46
Q

How would you test the myotome: C8

A

Finger flexion- flexor digitorum superficialis

47
Q

How would you test the myotome: T1

A

Finger abduction- dorsal interossei

48
Q

How would you test the myotome: L3

A

Knee extension- quadriceps femoris

49
Q

How would you test the myotome: L4

A

Ankle dorsiflexion- tibialis anterior

50
Q

How would you test the myotome: L5

A

Great toe extension- extensor hallucis longus

51
Q

How would you test the myotome: S1

A

Ankle plantarflexion- gastrocnemius

52
Q

How would you test the myotome: S2

A

Knee flexion- biceps femoris

53
Q
  1. AP generated by voluntary intention in the ______ ______ cortex
  2. AP conducted via ___ axons of the ___________ _____
  3. AP continues along axons to _____ ____ of _____ ____
  4. UMN synapse with ___ stimulating __
  5. AP continues along axons to _____ _____
  6. AP continues to either _______ _____ OR _______ _____
  7. APs via anterior rami often weave through the lumbar plexus via a _____ _____
  8. APs then reach the ___ of the _____ _____
A
  1. AP generated by voluntary intention in the primary somatomotor cortex
  2. AP conducted via UMN axons of the corticospinal tract
  3. AP continues along axons to anterior horn of spinal cord
  4. UMN synapse with LMN stimulating AP
  5. AP continues along axons to spinal nerve
  6. AP continues to either posterior ramus OR anterior ramus
  7. APs via anterior rami often weave through the lumbar plexus via a named nerve
  8. APs then reach the NMJ of the supplied muscle
54
Q

What is a reflex?

A

Involuntary response to a stimulus

55
Q

UMN lesions cause

A

Spasticity

56
Q

LMN lesions cause

A

flaccidity

57
Q

What spinal cord segments are being tested with the biceps reflex?

58
Q

What spinal cord segments are being tested with the brachioradialis reflex?

59
Q

What spinal cord segments are being tested with the triceps reflex?

60
Q

What spinal cord segments are being tested with the knee jerk reflex?

61
Q

What spinal cord segments are being tested with the ankle jerk reflex?

Neurology (41 decks)

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