Auditory and Vestibular Pathways Flashcards
What is a spiral ganglion
Bipolar neurons stimulated by hair cells and carrying action potentials from organ of corti to cochlear nuclei in the pons
Describe the fibres above the cochlear nuclei
Some are crossed and some are not and so input is bilateral
Which nuclei are important for sound localisation?
Superior olivary nucleus and nucleus of lateral lemniscus are important in sound localisation and as relays for stapedial and tensor tympany reflexes
Fibres carrying information regarding ___ _______ sound end in the anterolateral part of the auditory cortex
Fibres carrying information regarding low frequency sound end in the anterolateral part of the auditory cortex
Fibres carrying information regarding ____ _________ sound end in the posteromedial part of the auditory cortex
Fibres carrying information regarding high frequency sound end in the posteromedial part of the auditory cortex
Describe the presentation of damage to Broca’s area
Difficulty producing language, use few words.
no difficulty comprehending language
Describe the presentatin of damage to wernicke’s area
Patients have difficulty comprehending language
Words are often out of order or meaningless
What information helps maintain balance?
Vision
Proprioception
The vestibular apparatus
Which nerve is responsible for balance
Vestibular nerve
The projection of vestibular information onto the cerebral cortex is _____ and is ____ defined than for other senses
The projection of vestibular information onto the cerebral cortex is bilateral and is less well defined than for other senses
Where does vestibular informatin converge?
No specific region of brain;
parietal cortex just posterior to the postcentral gyrus area for hand and mouth
An area rostral to primary auditory cortex
Posterior insular cortex
What are the three parts of the visual cortex?
Visual association cortex
Calacrine sulcus
Primary visual cortex
The lower visual field is projected to the gyrus ________ to the calacrine sulcus and the upper visual field is projected to the gyrus _________ to the calcarine sulcus
The lower visual field is projected to the gyrus superior to the calacrine sulcus and the upper visual field is projected to the gyrus inferior to the calcarine sulcus
The macula projects to the ______ ____ of the visual cortex and occupies a much greater proportion of the cortex relative to the size of the visual field it covers
The macula projects to the posterior pole of the visual cortex and occupies a much greater proportion of the cortex relative to the size of the visual field it covers
What do fibres of the geniculocalcarine tract form initially?
Part of the internal capsule
