Clinical Physiology 3 - The Heart Flashcards
Valve between the atria and the ventricles
Atrioventricular valves
Valve between the ventricles and the greater arteries
Semilunar (“half-moon”) valves
So when the right ventricle contracts, blood moves
into the ______________, not the right atrium
pulmonary trunk
So when the left ventricle contracts, blood moves
into the _____, not the left atrium
aorta
Larger, and more “floppy” in nature. Anchored by the chordae tendinae.
Atrioventricular valves
Smaller and “tighter” valves. do not require chordae tendinae to anchor
them
Semilunar (“half-moon”) valves
4th/5th intercostal space, right sternal border
Best place to hear sounds from the right ventricle and right AV valve
2nd intercostal space, left
sternal border
Corresponds to the pulmonic valve
Point of Maximal Impulse (PMI)
The “tip” of the left ventricle
- It’s the easiest place to palpate the cardiac impulse in most people
Key locations for auscultation and palpation:
2nd intercostal space, right sternal border
Corresponds to the aortic valve
5th intercostal space, midclavicular line
hear left AV valve and
left ventricular sounds
* Palpate the PMI
Lub
closing of AV valves
- This is a lower frequency sound, because the valve itself is a bit bigger and more “floppy”
- Think of the largest string on a guitar
Dub
Closing of semilunar valves
- This is a higher frequency sound, because the valve itself is a bit smaller and “tigher”
- Think of the smallest string on a guitar
T or F. It’s uncommon to hear a valve opening
TRUE
Some pathologies that affect the cardiac valves can result in
“opening” sounds – they’re usually called opening snaps
