clinical nutrition 2 Flashcards
sodium cotransport occurs linked to (4)
- glucose
- amino acids
- hydrogen ions
- phosphate
where macula densa is found
next to afferent arteriole in kidney
macula densa senses
chloride amount in blood
renin released in response to (3)
- reduced stretch afferent arteriole
- signals from macula densa due to low chloride
- sympathetic nerve stimulation
thiazide site of action
early distal convoluted tubule
potassium sparing diuretics action
inhibit aldosterone at collecting tubule
NSAIDs and heart failure
cause salt and water retention and reduces diuretic efficacy
reduced sodium diet recommended for
heart disease particularly congestive heart failure
low protein diet recommended for
- kidney disease
- advanced liver disease
low protein diet cons
often have high fat to make up calories
low phosphorus diets recommended for
chronic kidney disease
low fat diet recommended for
- weight loss
- pancreatitis
- GI malabsorption
reduced fat diets commonly have
high fibre
high fibre diets recommended for
GI disease like colitis or constipation
theory of restricting protein in renal disease
reduce azotemia and nitrogenous waste filtered by kidneys
protein restriction and protein losing enteropathy
restricting protein can increase intake
phosphorus restriction and renal disease
is beneficial if there is hyperphosphataemia and can help reduce chances of secondary hyperparathyroidism
acid base and renal disease
acidosis can exacerbate renal disease by increasing protein turnover in muscle
omega 3 fatty acid in diet and renal disease
help reduce inflammation
can improve appetite
