Clinical Manifestations and Nursing Interventions for All Topics Flashcards
1
Q
Risk factors for ADD (6)
A
- head trauma
- lead exposure
- cig smoke exposure
- prematurity
- low birthweight
- family hx
2
Q
Management for ADD (8)
A
- set clear limits for behavior
- give positive reinforcement for desired behavior
- give time out for undesired behavior
- provide feedback on behavior ASAP
- consistency from caregivers
- keep instructions simple
- ask child to repeat instructions
- set realistic goals
3
Q
Risk factors for leukemia (6)
A
- male
- 2-5 years old
- caucasian
- Down syndrome, shwachman syndrome, or ataxia-telangiectasia
- xray exposure in uterus
- previous radiation-treated cancer
4
Q
clinical manifestations leukemia (14)
A
- pallor
- fever
- recurrent infection
- lethargy, fatigue
- anorexia
- weight loss
- abdominal pain
- N/V
- bone and joint pain
- HA
- enlarged lymph nodes
- hepatomegaly/splenomegaly
- unusual bleeding or bruising
- hemorrhage
5
Q
Lab tests for leukemia
A
- CBC –> everything low except WBC (may be high, low or normal)
- blood smear –> reveals blasts
- bone marrow analysis –> greater than 25% lymphoblasts
- lumbar puncture –> shows CNS involvement
- Liver fxn, BUN, creatinine –> if abnormal, guides chemo tx
- CXR –> may reveal PNA
6
Q
ASD murmur
A
-holosystolic murmur along left sternal border and fixed split second heart sound
7
Q
VSD murmur
A
-loud, harsh murmur
8
Q
Which syndrome is associated with severe ASD? What is it?
A
Eisenmenger syndrome –> resistance in pulmonary blood flow is greater than systemic circulation
9
Q
S/S increased pulmonary flow CHDs (7)
A
- loud,mechanical murmur
- tachypnea and tachycardia
- poor feeding
- diaphoresis with feeding
- thin, small child
- periorbital edema
- frequent PNA
10
Q
S/s PDA 3)
A
- bounding peripheral pulses
- widened pulse pressure
- machinery murmur at upper left sternal border
11
Q
Medication to close PDA
A
indomethacin
12
Q
Clinical manifestations of TOF (3)
A
- Tet spells
- clubbing
- squatting or knee-chest position
13
Q
What causes an increased incidence of TOF
A
^ maternal age
14
Q
Coarction of the aorta major sign
A
-bounding upper pulses and decreased lower pulses
15
Q
obstruction clinical picture (7)
A
- HTN
- murmur
- decreased peripheral pulses
- pale skin
- irritability
- heavy sweating
- difficulty breathing
