Clinical Manifestations And Fever

Question 1

What skin infection is described by a superficial skin infection with well defined borders

Answer 1

Erysipelas

Question 2

What is a skin infection described by deeper skin infection involving the dermis and sub cutaneous fat?

Answer 2

Cellulitis

Question 3

What is the most common cause of bacterial pharyngitis in children or adolescents ?

Answer 3

GAS; strep pyogenes

Question 4

What are some risk factors for reactivating of TB?

Answer 4

Gastrectomy 
Silicosis 
DM 
HIV
Immunosuppressive drugs

Question 5

Which four cutaneous conditions are highly suggestive of HIV infection?

Answer 5

Hairy leukoplakia of the tongue
Disseminated kaposi sarcoma
Cutaneous bacillary angiomatosis
Generalized lymphadenopathy

Question 6

What are some opportunistic infections in AIDS (AIDS defining illness) ?

Answer 6

Pneumocystis jirovecii 
Kaposi/HHV8 
CMV 
EBV 
Histoplasmosis 
Coccidoidmycosis 
Crytpcoccosis 
Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Question 7

What is seen in CMV in immunocompromised ?

Answer 7

CMV retinitis 
Esophagitis 
Small bowel inflammation 
Colitis 
Pneumonia is 
Neuro manifestations

Question 8

What is caused by Exposure to bird and bat droppings ?

Answer 8

Histoplasmosis

Question 9

What does histoplasmosis present like?

Answer 9

Influenza like illness, atypical pneumonia

Fever, cough

Question 10

Who is affected by disseminated histoplasmosis ?

Answer 10

Immunocompromised

Question 11

Disseminated HIV infected patients present how? **

Answer 11

With miliary infiltrates, lymphadenopathy and meningitis but skin lesions are uncommon

Question 12

Which plasmodium is responsible for nearly all severe disease?

Answer 12

P. Falciparum

Question 13

Which plasmodium is responsible for the 48 hour cycles of fever?

Answer 13

P vivax and p ovale

Question 14

Which plasmodium causes 72 hour cycles of fever?

Answer 14

P malarial

Question 15

Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia is similar to multiple myeloma except how?

Answer 15

Absence of lyric bone lesions

Question 16

The sx of anemia, bone pain, tenderness, lyric bone lesions, kidney failure, spinal cord compression, neuropathy, soft tissue masses and increased susceptibility to infection indicate what?

Answer 16

Multiple myeloma

Question 17

what are some clinical manifestation of sepsis ?

Answer 17

Hypotension 
Fever 
Tachycardia 
Tachypnea 
Warm flushed skin at first, then cool 
Decreased capillary refill 
Altered mental status 
Obtunded 
Absent bowel sounds

Question 18

What lab values are found in sepsis?

Answer 18

Leukocytosis >12,000
Or leukopenia <4000
Hyperglycemia >140 glucose 
CRP 
Hypoxemia 
Oliguria (urine output <0.5 per hour) 
Creatinine >0.5 mg/dL 

INR >1.5 
A aPTT >60 
Platelets <100,000
Bilirubin >4mg/dl 
Hyperlactatemia >2 mmol/L

Question 19

What causes bacteremia? (5)

Answer 19

Skin and soft tissue infections 
Central venous catheters 
Bone and joint infections 
Pneumonia 
Endocarditis

Question 20

Diabetic foot ulcer infections are commonly caused by what bug?

Answer 20

MRSA

Question 21

What’s the most common strep pathogen in adults?

Answer 21

GBS; strep agalactiae

Question 22

Pandemics are usually due to which type of influenza?

Answer 22

Influenza A

Question 23

GI symptoms may occur in which type of influenza ?

Answer 23

Influenza B

Question 24

What are the three modes of transmission for HIV?

Answer 24

Sexual contact w infected person

Parenteral exposure to infected blood by needle sharing or transfusion

Perinatal exposure