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SBL Clin > Bleeding And Thrombosis > Flashcards

Bleeding And Thrombosis Flashcards

1
Q

What does spontaneous hemarthroses indicate?

A

Factor VII / XI deficiency

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2
Q

What does mucosal bleeding indicate?

A

VWD disease

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3
Q

What does epistaxis indicate?

A

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangectasia

VWD in boys

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4
Q

What is heavy menstruated bleeding quantitatively defined as?

A

Loss of >80 mL of blood per cycle

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5
Q

What three things can heavy menstrual bleeding clue you into?

A

VWD, factor XI deficiency, hemophilia carrier

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6
Q

Which drugs can cause excessive bleeding?

A

NSAIDS
Clopidogrel
Fish oil
Vitamin E

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7
Q

Which organs systems can exacerbate bleeding?

A

Liver
Renal
Hypothyroidism
Bone marrow failure

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8
Q

What factors does PT assess?

A 
Factor I (fibrinogen) 
Factor II (prothrombin) 
Factor V 
Factor VII 
Factor X
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9
Q

What factors does the aPTT assess?

A

Factors XI, IX, VIII, X V, II; fibrinogen; prekallikrein, minion gen, and factor XII.

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10
Q

What is the Pentad for TTP?

A 
Thrombocytopenic purpura
Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia 
Fever 
Neurological signs 
Renal dysfunction
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11
Q

What is ADAMTS13 also known as?

A

Von Willebrand Factor cleaving protease

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12
Q

A mutation in what causes TTP?

A

ADAMTS13

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13
Q

What is the treatment for TTP?

A

Plasmapheresis

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14
Q

How do you treat VWD?

A

Cryoprecipitate

Desmopressin

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15
Q

what disease is characterized by a thinning of vessel walls with telangiectatic formations, arteriovenous malformations, and a aneurysmal dilutions throughout the body?

A

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangectasia

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16
Q

What is the inheritance for hereditary hemorrhagic telangectasia? Mutation?

A

AD; defect in the gene coding for endoglin (CD 105)

17
Q

What are the two clinical features of hereditary hemorrhagic telangectasia

A

Telangectasia

Bleeding (epistaxis)

18
Q

Which thrombotic disorder presents with recurrent lower extremity thrombophlebitis and deep vein thrombosis, venous insufficiency and chronic leg ulcers?

A

Antithrombin III deficiency

19
Q

What is the treatment for AT III Deficiency?

A

Prophylactic treatment with anticoagulants

Heparin

20
Q

What does protein C do?

A

Inactivated factors V and VIII

21
Q

What does protein S do?

A

It’s a cofactors for protein C

22
Q

How do you treat protein C/S deficiency?

A

Warfarin

23
Q

What part of the coagulation cascade is disrupted in Factor V Leiden disease?

A

Factor V binding with Protein C to inactivate it

24
Q

What are the four associated features of antiphospholipid syndrome?

A

Thromboembolic phenomena
Miscarriage
Thrombocytopenia
Cerebral ischemia and recurrent stroke

25
Q

What are three tests/indicators of antiphospholipid syndrome?

A

Prolonged aPTT
Lack of correction in mixing studies using normal plasma
Neutralization of inhibitor with excess phospholipid

26
Q

What is the treatment for antiphospholipid syndrome?

A

Anticoagulation with SC heparin

Hydroxychloroquine

27
Q

Which three antineoplastic drugs can cause malignancy?

A

Tamoxifen
Bevacizumab
Thalidomide

28
Q

What is the most common cause of easy bruising?

A

Thrombocytopenia -decreased platelet numbers

29
Q

What is the term for antibodies interacting with platelet surfaces?

A

Immune thrombocytopenic purpura

30
Q

How do you treat DIC?

A

Correct the underlying problem

31
Q

Which disease shows normal aggregation to ADP, collagen, arachidonic acid, epinephrine but absent aggregation to restocetin?

A

Bernard-soulier syndrome

32
Q

A patient with advanced liver cirrhosis would show what platelet abnormalities? (4)

A

Thrombocytopenia
A prolonged PT
A prolonged PTT
Low Hgb

33
Q

What is a normal PT?

A

10-12

34
Q

What is a normal PTT?

A

30-45

35
Q

What does a mixing study used for?

A

To evaluated a prolonged aPTT or PT, to distinguish between a factor deficiency and a inhibitor.

If there is a isolated factor deficiency, the aPTT will correct with mixing

If there is lupus anticoagulant, the mixing and incubation will show no correction

Acquired factor VIII inhibitor - mixing will not correct.

Mixing will not correct with the presence of other inhibitors such as heparin, fibrin split products and paraproteins

36
Q

What is liskers signs?

A

Pain with percussion of the anteromedial tibia; not sensitive or specific for DVT

37
Q

What is lowenbergs sign?

A

Pain when a BP cuff is applied to the mid calf

SBL Clin (9 decks)

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