Clinical Lab Values and Diagnostic Testing, Bed Rest & Immoblity - Class 4

Question 1

clinical lab values

Answer 1

electrolytes

hematology studies

Question 2

electrolytes

Answer 2

changes in electrolytes values can cause a change in the pt’s presentation and our tx plan

Question 3

sodium

Answer 3

hypernatremia

hyponatremia

Question 4

potassium

Answer 4

hyperkalemia

hypokalemia

Question 5

calcium

Answer 5

hypercalcemia

hypocalcemia

Question 6

hematology studies

Answer 6

acid-base/arterial blood bass analysis

common hematology studies

blood values and common PT considerations

Question 7

acid-base/arterial blood bass analysis

Answer 7

pH

partial pressure of oxygen

partial pressure of CO2

bicarbonate

Question 8

what are acid-base/arterial blood bass analysis used for

Answer 8

used to check how well the lungs are available to move O2 into blood and CO2 out of the blood

Question 9

pH

Answer 9

7.35 - 7.45

Question 10

PaO2

Answer 10

80-100 mmHg

Question 11

PaCO2

Answer 11

35-45 mmHg

Question 12

HCO3-

Answer 12

22-28 mEq

Question 13

common hematology studies

Answer 13

RBCs

hematocrit

hemoglobin

WBCs

platelets

Question 14

RBCs

Answer 14

men: 4.2-5.4

women: 3.6-5.0

Question 15

hematocrit

Answer 15

proportion of blood that is RBCs

men: 42-52%

women: 36-48%

Question 16

hemoglobin

Answer 16

protein that carries O2

men: 14-17.4

women: 12-16

Question 17

WBCs

Answer 17

immune system

4000-11000 per microliter

Question 18

platelets

Answer 18

clotting/hemostasis

140-400

Question 19

PT considerations

Answer 19

anemia

platelets

Question 20

anemias –> > 10

Answer 20

therapy as indicated

no distinct precautions

Question 21

what to expect from someone with >10 hemoglobin

Answer 21

anticipate poor cardiopulmonary reserve/limited endurance

monitor vital signs closely

Question 22

> 10 hemoglobin sxs

Answer 22

exercise intolerance

DOE

tachycardia

pallor

Question 23

hemoglobin <8

Answer 23

medically unstable

no tx

blood transfusion probable

Question 24

hemoglobin <5

Answer 24

leads to heart failure and death

Question 25

hemoglobin is 20

Answer 25

increased blood viscosity --> capillary blockage and tissue ischemia

Question 26

thrombocytopenia --> platelets 50-140

Answer 26

low intensity progressive resistive exercise aerobic exercise

Question 27

thrombocytopenia --> platelets 30 to 50

Answer 27

AROM walking ad lib

Question 28

thrombocytopenia --> platelets <20 --> risk of

Answer 28

spontaneous bleeding petechia ecchymosis prolonged bleeding time

Question 29

thrombocytopenia --> platelets <20 --> therapy

Answer 29

contraindicated minimal AROM no brushing of teeth

Question 30

are there side effects of bed rest and immobility

Answer 30

yes there are many

Question 31

side effects of bed rest and immobility will occur

Answer 31

rapidly only 1-2 weeks of immobility significantly reduces both metabolic and aerobic capacity

Question 32

consequences of bed rest and immobility

Answer 32

CV hematologic MS pulmonary metabolic/endocrine/ electrolytes psychiatric nutrition