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Clinical Lab Practices Flashcards

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1
Q

To be a Medical Laboratory Scientist, Zach must:
A
Complete a two year apprenticeship program at the clinic where he works
B
Get certified as a Medical Laboratory Technician and shadow a scientist for one year
C
Get his associate’s degree and find a job
D
First certify as a Medical Laboratory Technician and complete a four year degree

A

First certify as a Medical Laboratory Technician and complete a four year degree

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2
Q

Beth is taking Coumadin. Which of the following is not true?
A
She is able to control the doses of her medication as she sees fit
B
She is at risk of excessive bleeding if she suffers a minor cut
C
She will need to undergo regular testing to determine coagulation factor of her blood
D
She is less likely to suffer a heart attack or stroke caused by a blood clot

A

She is able to control the doses of her medication as she sees fit

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3
Q

The PT/INR test is used:
A
To help a doctor determine how well a patient’s medication is working by measuring the coagulation factor of the blood
B
To determine the location of a blood clot when a patient has had a stroke
C
When a patient is having a heart attack to decide what kind of medication to administer
D
Only when the patient is has a history of heart disease and stroke

A

To help a doctor determine how well a patient’s medication is working by measuring the coagulation factor of the blood

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4
Q 
The blood’s ability to clot is called:
A
Thrombin
B
Coagulation
C
Warfarin
D
Coumadin
A

Coagulation

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5
Q 
When a patient gets a blood test, the phlebotomist collects the blood from the patient’s arm. The blood is usually drawn from the:
A
Muscle
B
Fatty tissue
C
Vein
D
Artery
A

Vein

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6
Q

When taking a blood sample from the vein on the inside crook of a patient’s elbow, one must be very careful not to damage the large nerves that are nearby under the skin.
TRUE
FALSE

A

FALSE

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7
Q 
Phlebotomists:
A
Must take a licensing exam after completing their education
B
Are able to practice blood draws after a two-year certification program
C
Study and treat the kidneys and liver
D
Work with patients who have brain damage
A

Must take a licensing exam after completing their education

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8
Q

In order to decipher which test is to be done on which tube containing blood samples, scientists in laboratories:
A
Hand tubes directly to the assistant and give verbal directions
B
Try to remember what each test tube of blood is for
C
Make notes on a clipboard regarding which vial goes to which test
D
Use colored stoppers and careful labeling procedures

A

Use colored stoppers and careful labeling procedures

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9
Q

False Positive

A

A test or procedure result inappropriately indicating a positive or abnormal result when, in fact, no abnormal condition is actually present.

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10
Q

Biopsy

A

The removal of a small amount of tissue and/or fluid usually obtained by cutting or by suctioning through a needle.

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11
Q

Calibrate

A

To adjust the output or reading from a testing device to assure that it gives a correct answer.

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12
Q

Reagent

A

A substance used in performing a laboratory test.

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13
Q

False Negative

A

A test or procedure result inappropriately indicating a normal or negative result when, in fact, an abnormal condition is actually present.

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14
Q

Latent

A

A condition or infectious agent that is present in the body but not causing symptoms and/or actively multiplying.

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15
Q

Lipoprotein

A

A protein in the blood whose primary purpose is to transport cholesterol, triglycerides, and other fats throughout the body.

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16
Q

Mutation

A

The change in the genetic structure (DNA); it may occur spontaneously or be induced.

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17
Q

Acute Sample

A

Samples taken at a time when a patient initially exhibits signs and symptoms of a disease or condition.

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18
Q

Enzyme

A

Protein produced in cells that speeds up the rate of biological reactions.

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19
Q 
Which of the following is a lipid?
A
Cholesterol
B
Cumin
C
Glucose
D
Lactose
A

Cholesterol

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20
Q 
Samples taken at a time when a patient initially exhibits signs and symptoms of a disease or condition.
A
Acute Sample
B
Mutation
C
Latent
D
Biopsy
A

Acute Sample

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21
Q

Plasma contains serum, that can tell a doctor many things about the patient’s health.
TRUE
FALSE

A

TRUE

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22
Q 
A protein in the blood whose primary purpose is to transport cholesterol, triglycerides, and other fats throughout the body.
A
Lipoprotein
B
False Positive
C
Acute Sample 
D
Calibrate
A

Lipoprotein

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23
Q 
Blood is separated using a:
A
Reagent
B
Intravenous line
C
Centrifuge
D
Calibration tool
A

Centrifuge

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24
Q

The main functions of the kidneys and liver are:
A
To metabolize fat cells and burn calories
B
To clean and filter the blood
C
To assist in the replication of DNA and RNA
D
To assist in muscle recovery after a strenuous workout

A

To clean and filter the blood

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25
Q 
A substance used in performing a laboratory test.
A
Reagent
B
Biopsy
C
Enzyme 
D
Acute Sample
A

Reagent

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26
Q 
Glucose is a type of:
A
Fruit sugar
B
Table sugar
C
Milk sugar
D
Blood sugar
A

Blood sugar

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27
Q 
The CMP measures:
A
Antigens
B
Electrolyte levels
C
Infectious agents
D
Blood type
A

Electrolyte levels

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28
Q

Because glucose is the source of energy for the body, the more we have in our blood, the better we function.
TRUE
FALSE

A

FALSE

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29
Q 
Which of the following assist in the hydration of the body?
A
Neutrons and protons
B
Electrolytes
C
Sodium chloride
D
Carbohydrates
A

Electrolytes

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30
Q

Fasting is essential before a blood test for glucose levels because:
A
The patient’s chart must reflect his or her exact body weight
B
A patient must be dehydrated prior to a glucose test
C
The lipids and blood glucose will combine with food to create cholesterol
D
Consumption of foods and beverages will affect the level of glucose in the blood and make the test results inaccurate

A

Consumption of foods and beverages will affect the level of glucose in the blood and make the test results inaccurate

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31
Q 
Serum contains:
A
Clotting factor
B
Red blood cells
C
Proteins
D
White blood cells
A

Proteins

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32
Q 
The removal of a small amount of tissue and/or fluid usually obtained by cutting or by suctioning through a needle.
A
Mutation
B
Acute Sample
C
Biopsy
D
Lipoprotein
A

Biopsy

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33
Q

Mr. Jackson’s glucose reading at his latest blood test was 104 mg/dL. This indicates that Mr. Jackson:
A
Needs to increase his glucose levels to be in a safe range
B
Will most likely lose feeling in his hands and feet
C
Will be prescribed medication immediately
D
Is considered pre-diabetic

A

Is considered pre-diabetic

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34
Q 
In the human body, all sugar is converted into:
A
Lactose
B
Sucrose
C
Glucose
D
Fructose
A

Glucose

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35
Q 
If left untreated, high levels of glucose in the blood can lead to all of the following except:
A
Tumors in the brain
B
Blindness
C
Kidney failure
D
Gum disease
A

Tumors in the brain

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36
Q

A glucose monitor:
A
Tests the amount of fructose in the blood of a person with diabetes
B
Is a device that allows a patient to test his or her own blood glucose levels
C
Is a large machine used in hospitals for separating blood samples
D
Can only be used by a doctor to do blood tests

A

Is a device that allows a patient to test his or her own blood glucose levels

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37
Q

Jordan is a diabetic and seems to be suffering from diabetic shock. His speech is slurred and he looks like he is ready to pass out. You should:
A
Offer him a glass of water
B
Do your best to keep him moving around until the symptoms pass
C
Have him lie down and try to sleep
D
Get him a glass of fruit juice to help stabilize his blood sugar

A

Get him a glass of fruit juice to help stabilize his blood sugar

38
Q

A person with a blood glucose level of 132 mg/dL should not be concerned for his or her health.
TRUE
FALSE

A

FALSE

39
Q 
Diabetes must be monitored by measuring:
A
Plasma
B
Platelets
C
Antigens
D
Glucose
A

Glucose

40
Q

In order to avoid complications, a person with diabetes must avoid all forms of sugar.
TRUE
FALSE

A

FALSE

41
Q 
Glucose is a type of:
A
Table sugar
B
Milk sugar
C
Blood sugar
D
Fruit sugar
A

Blood sugar

42
Q

The Red Cross bloodmobile is at Jason’s office today. This morning, Jason woke up with a fever and a sore throat. He will still be able to donate his blood today.
TRUE
FALSE

A

FALSE

43
Q 
A patient must be concerned about blood type when:
A
Having blood pressure checked
B
Taking antibiotics
C
Having a CMP test
D
Getting a transfusion
A

Getting a transfusion

44
Q 
A blood donor:
A
Can give every seven weeks
B
Must be type AB
C
Must be type O
D
Can give every seventeen days
A

Can give every seven weeks

45
Q 
Which blood type do "universal donors" have?
A
Type B
B
Type O
C
Type AB
D
Type ABO
A

Type O

46
Q 
A patient in the hospital is given platelets. These platelets must have been donated:
A
1 year ago
B
10 years ago
C
Two days ago
D
30 days ago
A

Two days ago

47
Q 
A person with type AB blood:
A
Is known a a "universal donor"
B
Can accept type A, B, AB, or O blood
C
Will reject all blood types except AB
D
Have A and B antibodies in the nucleus of their blood cells
A

Can accept type A, B, AB, or O blood

48
Q

Once blood is collected, it:
A
Is inspected thoroughly for disease, separated, and stored appropriately
B
Is put directly into a freezer and is processed six months later
C
Has been screened thorougly enough, so it goes directly to patients who need it without further testing
D
Is exposed to several viruses to check on the responsiveness of white blood cells

A

Is inspected thoroughly for disease, separated, and stored appropriately

49
Q

Once frozen, platelets can be used for up to two years.
TRUE
FALSE

A

FALSE

50
Q 
Which person below is most likely to be cleared to give a blood donation?
A
A 54-year-old woman with high blood pressure
B
A healthy 13-year-old female
C
A healthy 35-year-old male
D
A 42-year-old male with flu symptoms
A

A healthy 35-year-old male

51
Q

LDL, or good cholesterol, helps to protect people against heart disease.
TRUE
FALSE

A

FALSE

52
Q

There is no such thing as a healthy fat.
TRUE
FALSE

A

FALSE

53
Q

Fish, like salmon and albacore tuna, are:
A
Foods you can eat to raise triglyceride levels in your blood
B
Examples of healthy ways to get Omega-3 in your diet
C
To be avoided in a healthy diet
D
Examples of sources of monounsaturated fats

A

Examples of healthy ways to get Omega-3 in your diet

54
Q

Which of the following is true regarding the treatment of high cholesterol?
A
A diet of red meat, dairy, and saturated fats will reduce the need for medication
B
People with high cholesterol who agree to exercise for at least 30 minutes every day may eat anything they like
C
It can be treated with healthy diet, exercise, or medication (or a combination of the three)
D
Medication can completely reverse the damage caused by high cholesterol

A

It can be treated with healthy diet, exercise, or medication (or a combination of the three)

55
Q

There is no need to calibrate an instrument in the lab as long as it doesn’t cause the doctor to change a patient’s prescription for medication.
TRUE
FALSE

A

FALSE

56
Q

All careers in the clinical laboratory field involve emergency care; a person in this field must be willing to work nights and weekends.
TRUE
FALSE

A

FALSE

57
Q

Eating more red meat has been shown to decrease triglyceride levels in the blood and therefore lowering risk of heart disease and diabetes.
TRUE
FALSE

A

FALSE

58
Q 
When should lab instruments be tested for accuracy?
A
Only when a problem is suspected
B
Prior to testing blood
C
After testing blood
D
At the end of the day, after cleaning the instruments
A

Prior to testing blood

59
Q 
A few months ago, a patient had a triglyceride level of 171 ml/dL. Today, the patient’s reading is 147 ml/dL. This means:
A
The patient is in the normal range
B
The patient can eat anything
C
The patient might have heart disease
D
The machine needs to be calibrated
A

The patient is in the normal range

60
Q 
Lab equipment must be calibrated:
A
To make sure it is accurate
B
By cleaning it thoroughly
C
To prevent electrical shock
D
By using the PT/INR
A

To make sure it is accurate

61
Q

Janelle’s cholesterol is 185. Her HDL is 74 mg/dL and her LDL is 111 mg/dL. What does this mean for Janelle?
A
She should eat more red meat to raise her LDL levels before her next blood test
B
Her HDL levels are too high and she should go on medication to help her decrease to below 60 mg/dL
C
Her cholesterol levels are perfect
D
It would be wise for her to lower her LDL to decrease her risk of heart disease

A

It would be wise for her to lower her LDL to decrease her risk of heart disease

62
Q

When taking antibiotics, a patient must:
A
Always take the medicine within one hour of going to bed
B
Discontinue the use of the antibiotic as soon as symptoms are relieved
C
Finish taking all of the medicine as prescribed, even if he or she feels better right away
D
Fast for twelve hourse prior to taking the daily dose

A

Finish taking all of the medicine as prescribed, even if he or she feels better right away

63
Q 
Antibiotics are:
A
Only administered to people with type O blood
B
Prescribed to fight viruses
C
Medicines that attack antigens
D
Medicines that attack bacteria
A

Medicines that attack bacteria

64
Q

The plural of bacteria is bacterium.
TRUE
FALSE

A

FALSE

65
Q 
An example of a fungal infection is:
A
Diabetes
B
Cancer
C
Strep throat
D
Athlete's foot
A

Athlete’s foot

66
Q

A KOH test will help a lab technician see a viral infection under a microscope.
TRUE
FALSE

A

FALSE

67
Q 
A Streptococcus infection is caused by a:
A
Parasite
B
Virus
C
Fungus
D
Bacterium
A

Bacterium

68
Q

Which of the following is not a way to create a safe environment in a lab?
A
Clinical lab staff wear sterile gloves
B
The staff washes their hands with a bleach solution to kill germs before touching patients
C
The staff uses disposable face masks and goggles
D
The staff wear lab coats or scrubs

A

The staff washes their hands with a bleach solution to kill germs before touching patients

69
Q

To encourage bacteria to grow, it is placed in a sterile environment.
TRUE
FALSE

A

FALSE

70
Q 
Which of the following is not true of ringworm?
A
It thrives in warm, moist environments
B
It is a fungus
C
It is not contagious
D
If your cat has it, there is a chance you can get it
A

It is not contagious

71
Q 
If urine sample contains bacteria, it means the patient:
A
Has an infection
B
Is normal
C
Is malnourished
D
Has diabetes
A

Has an infection

72
Q 
Urine that is lighter in color:
A
Means that the kidneys are not functioning
B
Signals an infection
C
Usually signals a well-hydrated patient
D
Usually means there are too many white blood cells present in the urine
A

Usually signals a well-hydrated patient

73
Q 
A reagent is:
A
An infectious agent
B
A substance that causes a reaction
C
An antibiotic medication
D
A preservative
A

A substance that causes a reaction

74
Q 
A urinary tract infection:
A
Will usually go away on its own
B
Can be very dangerous if left untreated
C
Is caused by a diet low in nutrients
D
Is caused by a virus
A

Can be very dangerous if left untreated

75
Q

At a routine check-up, Donna’s doctor has her go to the lab to supply a urine sample for testing. This is usually a sign that the doctor believes the patient is in grave danger, and Donna should be very concerned.
TRUE
FALSE

A

FALSE

76
Q

An adult man has about five gallons of blood in his body.
TRUE
FALSE

A

FALSE

77
Q

Which of the following cannot be determined by examining a patient’s urine?
A
If a person has enough nutrients to be healthy
B
Whether or not the patient is depressed
C
If the patient is dehydrated
D
Whether or not the patient has a kidney infection

A

Whether or not the patient is depressed

78
Q 
Bacteria grows best:
A
In a solution of bleach and water
B
When added to crystals and other sediment
C
In a gel-like substance called agar
D
In sub-zero temperatures
A

In a gel-like substance called agar

79
Q

It is impossible to detect high glucose levels from a urine sample.
TRUE
FALSE

A

FALSE

80
Q

The main job of the kidneys is to filter and clean the blood.
TRUE
FALSE

A

TRUE

81
Q

The results of a tissue examination may change the course of action during a surgery; therefore, the use of a cryostat is critical in the anatomic laboratory.
TRUE
FALSE

A

TRUE

82
Q 
A micron is:
A
Less than 1/1000th of an inch
B
About one yard
C
One-millionth of a mile
D
1/1000th of a meter
A

Less than 1/1000th of an inch

83
Q

Doctors can usually determine whether or not a tumor is cancerous without a microscope.
TRUE
FALSE

A

FALSE

84
Q 
Pathology refers to:
A
The study of diseases
B
The study of cellular structure
C
The study of blood and body substances
D
The study of plants and animals
A

The study of diseases

85
Q

Which of the following statements is not true in Clinical Lab Practices?
A
A frozen section is less desirable because the slide can be of lower quality than a section prepared with paraffin
B
An autopsy is a sample of cells surgically removed from a patient
C
An autopsy is a surgical procedure done to determine the reason a person has died
D
Respect for life is an essential part of all clinical lab work

A

An autopsy is a sample of cells surgically removed from a patient

86
Q

In surgery, whenever tissue is removed from a patient, it is sent to a lab and examined for evidence of disease.
TRUE
FALSE

A

TRUE

87
Q 
Tissue samples are stained:
A
So they can be transported
B
To cause a chemical reaction
C
To make cell structures visible
D
To preserve the specimen
A

To make cell structures visible

88
Q 
A specimen from a biopsy may be frozen so that:
A
It can be sliced and examined within minutes.
B
The pathologist can finish the autopsy.
C
The cryostat can be calibrated quickly
D
The image will have the best quality.
A

It can be sliced and examined within minutes.

89
Q 
Liver cells are an example of a group of cells that have a specific function.  In biology, a group of cells is referred to as:
A
Pathogens
B
Tissue
C
An organ
D
Bacteria
A

Tissue

90
Q

Paraffin is used in cell preparation to:
A
Create a smooth, glass-like surface on the tissue sample
B
Stain the tissue sample in order to highlight the diseased parts of the cell
C
Firming the structure of the cells, allowing the tissue to be sliced very thin
D
Calibrate the lab instruments

A

Firming the structure of the cells, allowing the tissue to be sliced very thin

Health Science (16 decks)

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