Clinical Foundations - Outcome 3 &Week 3 PP Flashcards
The Dental Handpiece
- The dental handpiece is the most frequently used instrument in restorative dentistry
- Rheostat used to activate
General use Handpieces
- Low - Speed /Slow- Speed
▪ straight attachment
▪ contra angle attachment (most versatile)
▪ prophy attachment (least versatile) - High - Speed
- Laboratory
Specialized Handpieces
- Ultrasonic
- Laser
- Air Abrasion
- Implant
- Endodontic
- Surgical
handpiece components
Working end (head) – where the rotary instruments and attachments are secured
Shank – the grip of the handle portion
Connection end – the component which attaches to the power source
Slow Speed Contra Angle
Speed - 30,000 Rotations Per Minute (RPM)
Settings Available - Forward, Neutral & Reverse
Bur Type - Latch or Screw
Purpose - Restorative & Preventive, Used to adjust, remove decay, refine cavity, prep
- Water coolant not present
-Fixed shank and head design
-Interchangeable heads design
-Electric
Slow Speed Straight
Speed - 30,000 RPM
Settings Available - Forward, Neutral & Reverse
Bur type - Straight
Purpose - Used to adjust/trim removable appliances: ortho, dentures, sport & night guard. Used in dental operatory during fitting appointment.
- Water coolant not present
- NOT USED IN PATIENTS MOUTH
Laboratory Slow Speed Straight Handpiece
Speed - 20,000 RPM
Settings - Forward only
Bur type - Straight
Purpose - Laboratory adjust/trim of removable appliances: ortho, dentures, sport & night guards. Used in the labs during fabrications.
- water coolant not present
-note used intra oral
Cordless slow speed prophy
Speed: 20,000 RPM
Settings: Forward only
Bur type: Prophy head
Purpose: Preventive - polishing
- water coolant not present
High Speed Air Driven
Speed - 450,000 RPM
Settings - Forward only
Bur Type - Friction grip
Purpose - Restorative: Used to cut tooth, bone, remove decay, remove old restorations
- water cooling present
-fiberoptic light present
Low/Slow Speed Handpiece Summary
- Used intra oral and extra oral
- Speed max 30,000 rotations per minute (RPM)
- Used in forward(reverse option available- not used often)
- Many designs: latch, screw/prophy, straight/ electric
- Water line is not present.
- Lubrication after each patient
- Sterilize after each patient
- Dental Assistant role:
a) set up, check prior use
b) use with certain procedures, example; plaque removal
High-speed Electric
Speed - 200,000 RPM
Settings - forward only
Bur type: Friction grip
Purpose: Restorative - used to cut tooth, bone, remove decay, remove old restorations
- water cooling present
-fiberoptic light present
Ultrasonic handpiece
- Electric and mechanical radiant energy with sound vibration
- Pulsating spray of water
-can switch between low-medium-high
-Bur type - ultrasonic tip
-Used for calculus removal (hard deposits) stains, bonding materials
-used by a hygienist, or an assistant with Preventive Module
Laser Handpiece
- high beam of light energy
-operates in wavelengths (0.5-7 watts)
-varies by procedures: diode, CO2, lasers - Pulse, custom, debride, perio cut
- Bur type: laser tip
- used in restorative and preventive
-used to cut hard and soft tissue (biopsy)
-water coolant present
-eye protection required (special eyewear)
-fiber optic cable – fragile (handle with caution!!!)
Air Abrasion Handpiece
-high pressure
-aluminum oxide particles
-bur type: removable air abrasion attachment
- Used for shallow decay, sealants, class 1 and 6 cavity prep & minor non-invasive procedures
-many units available
Implant Hand Piece
Speed: 40,000 RPM
Bur type: Fiction grip, straight and specialized attachments
- Used with implants which are surgical procedures
-Available in electric or air
Endodontic Handpiece
Speed: 40,000 RPM
Settings varies as per unit used
Bur type - Special & latched
- Used to clean and shape canals during root canal procedures
- many units available
Surgical handpiece
Speed - 80,000 to 400,000 RPM
- Settings varies as per unit used
- Bur type - straight and specialized
- used with all invasive surgical procedures
- does not allow air into cavity during spraying - crucial during sterile environment