clinical features of asthma in adulthood Flashcards
Define asthma
A disease characterised by an increased responsiveness of the trachea and bronchi to various stimuli - this manifests as a widespread narrowing of the airways with varying severity
How does asthma change within the day
It is worse in the morning and at night - symptom variability
What are the symptoms of asthma
Wheeze
Shortness of breath
Cough
Chest tightness
Changes throughout the day
What happens to an asthmatic airway during an asthma attack
The relaxed smooth muscles contract and tighten up which traps air in the alveoli
What are the main risk factors for asthma
Atopy - predisposition to develop an antibody called IgE in response to environmental allergens e.g eczema
First degree family history of atopy - maternal is most influential
What specialties are at risk of asthma
Bakers and painters as they are exposed to chemicals which increase the risk of asthma
What is the investigative ladder for someone who has a high probability of asthma
initiate treatment - if good response, then it is asthma
What are some useful investigations for asthma
Chest Xray - hyperinflated and hyperlucent
Skin prick testing for atopic check
Total and specific IgE for atopic check
FBC - eosinophilia for atopy
